小贝子编程

matplotlib.pyplot issue python



我在使用matplotlib时遇到了一个问题，更准确地说是pyplot。

安装完成后，执行

import matplotlib.pyplot

给了我这个错误:

ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Symbol not found: _png_create_info_struct
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so

所以我不知道发生了什么。我在Mac OS X 10.6上，我已经安装了python2.7从磁盘映像和matplotlib从终端使用tar.gz和做通常的

python setup.py build
python setup.py install

当安装开始时，我看到:

BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
            matplotlib: 1.1.0
                python: 2.7 (r27:82508, Jul  3 2010, 21:12:11)  [GCC 4.0.1
                        (Apple Inc. build 5493)]
              platform: darwin
REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES
                 numpy: 1.6.1
             freetype2: 10.0.4
OPTIONAL BACKEND DEPENDENCIES
                libpng: 1.2.44
               Tkinter: no
                        * TKAgg requires Tkinter
                  Gtk+: no
                        * Building for Gtk+ requires pygtk; you must be able
                        * to "import gtk" in your build/install environment
       Mac OS X native: yes
                    Qt: no
                   Qt4: no
                 Cairo: no
OPTIONAL DATE/TIMEZONE DEPENDENCIES
              datetime: present, version unknown
              dateutil: matplotlib will provide
                  pytz: matplotlib will provide
adding pytz
OPTIONAL USETEX DEPENDENCIES
                dvipng: 1.13
           ghostscript: 8.61
                 latex: 3.1415926

请帮忙!

欢呼

http://fonnesbeck.github.io/ScipySuperpack/

我一直在与同样的问题作斗争，答案是安装ScipySuperpack。问题(至少对我来说)是我有64位版本的Python，而我从github中提取的matplotlib版本是32位的。我克隆了ScipySuperpack存储库并运行了安装脚本，它工作了。

再多的与brew或ports的斗争也无法让我取得任何进展。

如果有人有同样的问题，我发现这个线程，这是我如何解决它。

首先，我遵循当前的matplotlib README。Osx，以及这个家伙的建议(不确定这是否必要)…

brew install freetype --universal
brew install libpng --universal
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include"
export LDFLAGS=" -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib  -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib"

我还按照brew的建议设置了这些变量。

然后，我做了下面的事情(从matplotlib构建目录运行，在构建和安装之后)

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ find . -name _png.so
./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ otool -L ./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so:
        /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.3)
        /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.2.0)
        /usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 830.0.0)

没有libpng !一个不好的迹象……让我们再看看构建输出…

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ rm ./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ python setup.py build
[SNIP]
c++ -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -g -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib -I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/_png.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/sw/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -lpng14 -lz -lstdc++ -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
ld: warning: in /sw/lib/libpng14.dylib, file was built for i386 which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64)

没有使用正确的libpng: brew提供了什么?

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ echo $LDFLAGS
 -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib  -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ ls /usr/local/opt/libpng/lib 
libpng.a          libpng.la         libpng15.a        pkgconfig
libpng.dylib      libpng15.15.dylib libpng15.dylib

让我们尝试通过复制粘贴命令来修复这个问题，但将-lpng14更改为-lpng15…(可能有更好的方法来阻止它使用错误的，但这是有效的)

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ c++ -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -g -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib -I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/_png.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/sw/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -lpng15 -lz -lstdc++ -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ python setup.py install
[SNIP]
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ otool -L /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so:
        /usr/local/opt/libpng/lib/libpng15.15.dylib (compatibility version 29.0.0, current version 29.0.0)
        /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.3)
        /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.2.0)
        /usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 830.0.0)

我只是想为那些可能仍然有麻烦的人提供一些建议。我四处寻找了一段时间，尝试了很多不同的东西。最终，是以下其中一个允许我导入matplotlib。pyplot在Python 2.7.6和OSX 10.6上运行(以前安装了X11和XQuartz，可能已经过时):

    安装pkg-info 

  1. brew install pkg-info

  2. 从源代码安装libpng到/usr/local/lib (configure——libdir=/usr/local)

  3. 安装XQuartz for Mac

  4. 从site-packages中删除matplotlib文件夹(可能是旧的，失败的尝试)。

  5. 运行
    ln -s /usr/local/opt/freetype/include/freetype2 /usr/local/include/freetype
最后,

port install py27-matplotlib

安装了它，我就可以导入了。原来的错误是

ImportError: dlopen(/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py2.7-macosx-10.6-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Library not loaded: /opt/local/lib/libpng15.15.dylib
Referenced from: /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py2.7-macosx-10.6-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/_png.so Reason: image not found


In file included from src/ft2font.cpp:3:
In file included from src/ft2font.h:16:
/usr/X11/include/ft2build.h:56:10: fatal error: 'freetype/config/ftheader.h' file not found
#include <freetype/config/ftheader.h>

对不起，我不能更具体。

您应该遵循以下说明从OSX上的源代码安装Matplotlib: https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/blob/master/README.osx

OSX的lib文件有点乱，但按照链接中的说明应该可以解决您遇到的任何问题，因为它会以自包含的方式自动安装依赖项。

我遇到了与op相同的问题。我克隆了repo和"python setup install"而不是预编译版本。花了大约20分钟编译，现在似乎可以工作了。

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