我可以获取Excel剪贴板数据的源范围吗

Question

如果剪贴板包含Excel工作表范围，则可以使用DataObject对象访问该范围的数据

您还可以找到该数据的实际源范围（即工作表、行和列）吗？

或者，您能找到上次复制范围吗？该范围用虚线边框表示（NOT选定范围）？

最好使用Excel 2003 VBA

Answer 1

此代码在Excel 2019 64位中用于获取剪贴板上单元格的范围，而不是单元格的内容。

fGetClipRange返回剪切或复制到剪贴板的Excel区域的区域对象，包括书本和工作表。它使用"链接"格式直接从剪贴板读取，并且需要此格式的ID号。与注册格式关联的ID可能会更改，因此fGetFormatId可以从格式名称中查找当前格式ID。使用Application.CutCopyMode可确定是剪切还是复制单元格。

此网站对于在VBA中使用剪贴板非常有用：https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/office/en-US/ee9e0d28-0f1e-467f-8d1d-1a86b2db2878/a-clipboard-object-for-vba-including-microsoft-word?forum=worddev

Private Declare PtrSafe Function lstrcpy Lib "kernel32" (ByVal lpString1 As Any, ByVal lpString2 As Any) As LongPtr
Private Declare PtrSafe Function GlobalLock Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As LongPtr) As LongPtr
Private Declare PtrSafe Function GlobalUnlock Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As LongPtr) As Long
Private Declare PtrSafe Function OpenClipboard Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As LongPtr) As Long
Private Declare PtrSafe Function CloseClipboard Lib "user32" () As Long
Private Declare PtrSafe Function GetClipboardData Lib "user32" (ByVal lngFormat As Long) As LongPtr
Private Declare PtrSafe Function EnumClipboardFormats Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long) As Long
Private Declare PtrSafe Function GetClipboardFormatNameA Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long, ByVal lpString As String, ByVal nMaxCount As Long) As Long
'2020-02-11 get excel copy or cut range from clipboard
Function fGetClipRange() As Range
Dim strGetClipRange As String    'return range
Dim lptClipData As LongPtr  'pointer to clipboard data
Dim strClipData As String   'clipboard data
Dim intOffset As Integer    'for parsing clipboard data
Dim lngRangeLink As Long  'clipboard format
Const intMaxSize As Integer = 256   'limit for r1c1 to a1 conversion
    lngRangeLink = fGetFormatId("Link") 'we need the id number for link format
    If OpenClipboard(0&) = 0 Then GoTo conDone  'could not open clipboard
    lptClipData = GetClipboardData(lngRangeLink)    'pointer to clipboard data
    If IsNull(lptClipData) Then GoTo conDone    'could not allocate memory
    lptClipData = GlobalLock(lptClipData)   'lock clipboard memory so we can reference
    If IsNull(lptClipData) Then GoTo conDone    'could not lock clipboard memory
    intOffset = 0   'start parsing data
    strClipData = Space$(intMaxSize)    'initialize string
    Call lstrcpy(strClipData, lptClipData + intOffset)  'copy pointer to string
    If strClipData = Space$(intMaxSize) Then GoTo conDone   'not excel range on clipboard
    strClipData = Mid(strClipData, 1, InStr(1, strClipData, Chr$(0), 0) - 1)    'trim null character
    If strClipData <> "Excel" Then GoTo conDone     'not excel range on clipboard
    intOffset = intOffset + 1 + Len(strClipData)    'can't retrieve string past null character
    strClipData = Space$(intMaxSize)    'reset string
    Call lstrcpy(strClipData, lptClipData + intOffset)  'book and sheet next
    strClipData = Mid(strClipData, 1, InStr(1, strClipData, Chr$(0), 0) - 1)
    strGetClipRange = "'" & strClipData & "'!"  'get book and sheet
    intOffset = intOffset + 1 + Len(strClipData)    'next offset
    strClipData = Space$(intMaxSize)    'initialize string
    Call lstrcpy(strClipData, lptClipData + intOffset)  'range next
    strClipData = Mid(strClipData, 1, InStr(1, strClipData, Chr$(0), 0) - 1)
    strGetClipRange = strGetClipRange & strClipData 'add range
    strGetClipRange = Application.ConvertFormula(strGetClipRange, xlR1C1, xlA1)
    Set fGetClipRange = Range(strGetClipRange)  'range needs a1 style
conDone:
    Call GlobalUnlock(lptClipData)
    Call CloseClipboard
End Function
'2020-02-11 clipboard format id number changes so get it from format name
Function fGetFormatId(strFormatName As String) As Long
Dim lngFormatId As Long
Dim strFormatRet As String
Dim intLength As Integer
    If OpenClipboard(0&) = 0 Then Exit Function   'could not open clipboard
    intLength = Len(strFormatName) + 3  'we only need a couple extra to make sure there isn't more
    lngFormatId = 0 'start at zero
    Do
        strFormatRet = Space(intLength) 'initialize string
        GetClipboardFormatNameA lngFormatId, strFormatRet, intLength    'get the name for the id
        strFormatRet = Trim(strFormatRet)   'trim spaces
        If strFormatRet <> "" Then  'if something is left
            strFormatRet = Left(strFormatRet, Len(strFormatRet) - 1)    'get rid of terminal character
            If strFormatRet = strFormatName Then    'if it matches our name
                fGetFormatId = lngFormatId  'this is the id number
                Exit Do 'done
            End If
        End If
        lngFormatId = EnumClipboardFormats(lngFormatId) 'get the next used id number
    Loop Until lngFormatId = 0  'back at zero after last id number
    Call CloseClipboard 'close clipboard
End Function

Answer 2

不直接，不-剪贴板对象似乎只包含单元格的值（尽管Excel显然记得边界）：

Sub testClipborard()
    Dim test As String
    Dim clipboard As MSForms.DataObject
    Set clipboard = New MSForms.DataObject
    clipboard.GetFromClipboard
    test = clipboard.GetText
    MsgBox (test)
End Sub

请注意，您需要对Microsoft Forms 2.0库的引用才能运行此程序（如果单元格中没有值，它也会失败）。

---

话虽如此，您可以尝试以下操作——将其添加到VBA编辑器中的模块中。

Public NewRange As String 
Public OldRange As String 
Public SaveRange As String 
Public ChangeRange As Boolean 

并在图纸对象中使用以下内容

Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Excel.Range) 
     'save previous selection
    OldRange = NewRange 
     'get current selection
    NewRange = Selection.Address 
     'check if copy mode has been turned off
    If Application.CutCopyMode = False Then 
        ChangeRange = False 
    End If 
     'if copy mode has been turned on, save Old Range
    If Application.CutCopyMode = 1 And ChangeRange = False Then 
         'boolean to hold "SaveRange" address til next copy/paste operation
        ChangeRange = True 
         'Save last clipboard contents range address
        SaveRange = OldRange 
    End If 
End Sub 

它似乎有效，但在试图解决剪贴板问题时，它可能也很容易出现不同的错误。http://www.ozgrid.com/forum/showthread.php?t=66773

Answer 3

我完全重写了前面的答案，因为除了范围之外，我还需要将其他类型的数据输入Excel。新代码更加通用，可以从剪贴板中获得不同格式的字符串。提取Excel区域最终会简单得多，而且我还将其用于位图和文本。

最后一个例程获取非内置格式的编号。中间例程将剪贴板内容作为指定格式的字符串获取。第一个例程使用split函数从这个字符串中解析Excel范围。

'https://officeaccelerators.wordpress.com/2013/11/27/reading-data-with-format-from-clipboard/
'https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/sqlserver/en-US/ee9e0d28-0f1e-467f-8d1d-1a86b2db2878/a-clipboard-object-for-vba-including-microsoft-word?forum=worddev
#If VBA7 And Win64 Then
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function CloseClipboard Lib "user32" () As Long
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function OpenClipboard Lib "user32" (ByVal hwnd As LongLong) As Long
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function GetClipboardData Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function IsClipboardFormatAvailable Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long) As Long
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function RegisterClipboardFormat Lib "user32.dll" Alias "RegisterClipboardFormatA" (ByVal lpString As String) As Long
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function GlobalLock Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hMem As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function GlobalUnlock Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hMem As LongPtr) As Long
    Private Declare PtrSafe Function GlobalSize Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As LongPtr) As LongPtr
    Private Declare PtrSafe Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (lpvDest As Any, lpvSource As Any, ByVal cbCopy As Long)
#Else
    Private Declare Function CloseClipboard Lib "user32" () As Long
    Private Declare Function OpenClipboard Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function GetClipboardData Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function IsClipboardFormatAvailable Lib "user32" (ByVal wFormat As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function RegisterClipboardFormat Lib "user32" Alias "RegisterClipboardFormatA" (ByVal lpString As String) As Long
    Private Declare Function GlobalLock Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function GlobalUnlock Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Function GlobalSize Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long
    Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (lpDest As Any, lpSource As Any, ByVal cbCopy As Long)
#End If
'test routine displays a message box with the marching ants range
'_2022_10_30
Function fTest_GetClipboardRange()
Dim rngClipboard As Range
    Set rngClipboard = fGetClipboardRange
    If rngClipboard Is Nothing Then
        MsgBox ("No Excel range was found on the clipboard.")
    ElseIf Application.CutCopyMode = xlCopy Then 'this is always copy because of sheet add
        MsgBox (fGetClipboardRange.Address & " has been copied to the clipboard.")
    ElseIf Application.CutCopyMode = xlCut Then
        MsgBox (fGetClipboardRange.Address & " has been cut to the clipboard.")
    End If
End Function
'reads excel copy-paste range from the clipboard and returns range object or nothing if not found
'_2022_03_19
Function fGetClipboardRange() As Range  'get excel copy or cut range from clipboard
Dim strClipboard As String  'raw clipboard data
Dim arrClipboard() As String    'parse into an array
    Set fGetClipboardRange = Nothing    'default is nothing
    
    strClipboard = fGetClipboardData("link")    'get the link data string
    If strClipboard = "" Then Exit Function 'done if it's empty
    arrClipboard = Split(strClipboard, Chr(0))  'else parse at null characters
    If arrClipboard(0) <> "Excel" Then Exit Function    'excel should be first
    strClipboard = "'" & arrClipboard(1) & "'!" & arrClipboard(2)   'parse the range from the others
    strClipboard = Application.ConvertFormula(strClipboard, xlR1C1, xlA1)   'convert to a1 style
    Set fGetClipboardRange = Range(strClipboard)    'range needs a1 style
End Function
'read clipboard for specified format into string or null string
'_2022_03_19
Function fGetClipboardData(strFormatId As String) As String 'read clipboard into string
#If VBA7 And Win64 Then
    Dim hMem As LongPtr 'memory handle
    Dim lngPointer As LongPtr   'memory pointer
#Else
    Dim hMem As Long 'memory handle
    Dim lngPointer As Long   'memory pointer
#End If
Dim arrData() As Byte   'clipboard reads into this array
Dim lngSize As Long 'size on clipboard
Dim lngFormatId As Long 'id number, for format name
    fGetClipboardData = ""  'default
    lngFormatId = fGetClipboardFormat(strFormatId)  'get format
    If lngFormatId <= 0 Then Exit Function  'zero if format not found
    CloseClipboard  'in case clipboard is open
    If CBool(OpenClipboard(0)) Then 'open clipboard
        hMem = GetClipboardData(lngFormatId)    'get memory handle
        If hMem > 0 Then    'if there's a handle
            lngSize = CLng(GlobalSize(hMem))    'get memory size
            If lngSize > 0 Then 'if we know the size
                lngPointer = GlobalLock(hMem)   'get memory pointer
                If lngPointer > 0 Then  'make sure we have the pointer
                    ReDim arrData(0 To lngSize - 1) 'size array
                    CopyMemory arrData(0), ByVal lngPointer, lngSize    'data from pointer to array
                    fGetClipboardData = StrConv(arrData, vbUnicode) 'convert array to string
                End If
                GlobalUnlock hMem   'unlock memory
            End If
        End If
    End If
    CloseClipboard  'don't leave the clipboard open
    
End Function
'return format number form format number, format number from format name or 0 for not found
'_2022_03_19
Function fGetClipboardFormat(strFormatId As String) As Long 'verify, or get format number from format name
Dim lngFormatId As Long 'format id number
    fGetClipboardFormat = 0 'default false
    If IsNumeric(strFormatId) Then  'for format number
        lngFormatId = CLng(strFormatId) 'use number for built in format
        CloseClipboard  'in case clipboard is already open
        If CBool(OpenClipboard(0)) = False Then 'done if can't open clipboard
        ElseIf CBool(IsClipboardFormatAvailable(lngFormatId)) = True Then   'true if format number found
            fGetClipboardFormat = lngFormatId   'return format number
        End If
        CloseClipboard  'don't leave the clipboard open
    Else
        lngFormatId = RegisterClipboardFormat(strFormatId & Chr(0)) 'else get number from format name
        If (lngFormatId > &HC000&) Then fGetClipboardFormat = lngFormatId   'if valid return format number
    End If
End Function