>我有以下循环，它解析了 2 个配置文件的 difflib 比较的输出，到目前为止，向我展示了文件 2 中的差异(用 + 表示)和文件中的标题 差异属于例如 [服务器]
法典：
#!/usr/bin/env python
import difflib
from difflib import Differ
conf = open('C:/Users/fitzs/Documents/Scripts/example_ISAM_conf_file.txt', 'r')
upconf = open('C:/Users/fitzs/Documents/Scripts/Updated_ISAM_conf_file.txt', 'r')
d = difflib.Differ()
diff = list(d.compare(conf.readlines(), upconf.readlines()))# creates a 'generator' list of diffs
delta = ''.join(diff).strip('# ') #converts the list to string
for x in diff:
x = str(x).strip()
if x.startswith('+'):
print(x)
elif x.startswith('['):
print(x)
示例输出：-
The above code is giving me the following example output so far.
[server]
+ # web-host-name = www.myhost.com
+ https-port = 1080
+ network-interface = 0.0.0.0
[process-root-filter]
[validate-headers]
[interfaces]
[header-names]
[oauth]
[tfim-cluster:oauth-cluster]
[session]
+ preserve-inactivity-timeout = 330
[session-http-headers]
我正在尝试做的是仅在列表中的下一个元素以 + 开头时打印一个标题(例如 [server])，从而排除其下没有增量的标题'
换句话说，对于带有标题的行必须满足 2 个条件： 1. 该行必须以 [ 2. 下一行必须以 + 开头
例如：
[server]
+ # web-host-name = www.myhost.com
+ https-port = 1080
+ network-interface = 0.0.0.0
[session]
+ preserve-inactivity-timeout = 330
为此，我尝试将上面的 for 循环更改为以下内容：
for x in range(0, len(diff)):
stanza = diff[x+1]
x = str(x).strip()
if x.startswith('+'):
print(x)
elif x.startswith('[') and stanza.startswith('+'):
print(x)
但是，这会导致以下错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/fitzs/PycharmProjects/Pydiffer/Pydiffer.py", line 35, in <module>
stanza = diff[x+1]
IndexError: list index out of range
感谢您的以下建议，我已经更新了我的代码如下，它现在可以运行并且没有错误。 但是，索引似乎在循环中返回，而不是实际行本身：
我的 for 循环现在看起来像：-
for x in range(0, (len(diff) - 1)):
# print (diff)
y = str(x)
print (x)
z = diff[x+1]
if y.startswith('+'):
print(y)
elif y.startswith('[') and z.startswith('+'):
print(y)
我没有浏览您的脚本，但是可以将for循环更改为以下内容来解决错误
for x in range(0, (len(diff)-1):
您收到该错误是因为stanze=diff[x+1]您正在请求一个不存在的 len(diff)+1 元素。
错误的主要原因是当x = len(diff), stanza = diff[x+1]超出索引时，因为x+1等于(len(diff) +1)。请使用range(len(diff)-1)或range(0,len(diff)-1)。