我正在从事一个简单的项目,用于从模型定义如下的网站销售产品:
class Product(models.Model):
"""
Model for Products
"""
price = models.FloatField()
description = models.TextField()
url = models.CharField(max_length=200)
def __str__(self):
return self.description
class Order(models.Model):
"""
Model for Orders
"""
UNPAID = 0
PAID = 1
FAILED = 2
STATUS = (
(UNPAID, 'UNPAID'),
(PAID, 'PAID'),
(FAILED, 'FAILED'),
)
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
product = models.ForeignKey(Product)
orderdate = models.DateTimeField()
token = models.CharField(max_length=30)
paymentstatus = models.IntegerField(choices=STATUS)
相应地,序列化程序定义如下:
class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serialize Product list
"""
class Meta:
"""
Metadata for Product Serializationt to expose API
"""
model = Product
fields = ('id', 'price', 'description', 'url')
class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serialize Order of Product
"""
class Meta:
"""
Order metadata
"""
model = Order
fields = ('id', 'user', 'orderdate', 'token', 'paymentstatus',
'product')
class OrderDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serialize Order Details
"""
product = ProductSerializer(read_only=True)
class Meta:
"""
Order metadata
"""
model = Order
fields = ('id', 'user', 'orderdate', 'paymentstatus', 'product')
在上面的例子中,是否可以将OrderSerializer
和OrderDetailsSerializer
组合成一个序列化程序?
当用户放置新Order
即写入数据库并OrderDetailSerializer
从数据库中获取订单的详细信息时,我使用该OrderSerializer
。
可以通过使用自定义字段并使令牌write_only来使用单个序列化程序执行此操作
class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serialize Product list
"""
class Meta:
"""
Metadata for Product Serializationt to expose API
"""
model = Product
fields = ('id', 'price', 'description', 'url')
class ProductField(serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField):
def to_representation(self, value):
id = super(ProductField, self).to_representation(value)
try:
product = Product.objects.get(pk=id)
serializer = ProductSerializer(product)
return serializer.data
except Product.DoesNotExist:
return None
def get_choices(self, cutoff=None):
queryset = self.get_queryset()
if queryset is None:
return {}
return OrderedDict([(item.id, self.display_value(item)) for item in queryset])
class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serialize Order of Product
"""
product = ProductField(queryset=Product.objects.all())
class Meta:
"""
Order metadata
"""
model = Order
fields = ('id', 'user', 'orderdate', 'token',
'paymentstatus', 'product')
extra_kwargs = {'token': {'write_only': True}}
自定义字段将允许您在发布时使用模型 ID,同时在获取项目时获取嵌套序列化程序。
发布:
{
"product": 10,
...
}
获取:
{
"product": {
"url": "http://localhost:8000/..."
"price": "$2.50",
...
}
...
}