无法弄清楚为什么我在 django 项目中得到"'app_list'反向使用关键字参数'{'app_label'：}'未找到'

Question

该项目有两个应用程序-帐户(非常基本的自定义用户(和门户。

myproject/myproject/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin
from django import urls
from portal import admin as user_admin
from portal import views

urlpatterns = [
urls.path(r'admin/', admin.site.urls),
urls.path(r'portal/mymodel/', views.testview),
urls.path('', user_admin.user_site.urls),
]

myproject/portal/templates/portal/mymodel/testview.html：

{% extends "admin/change_list.html" %}
{% block after_field_sets %}{{ block.super }}
<h2> hello world </h2>
{% endblock %}

change_list.html(内置django模板(:

{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% load i18n admin_urls static admin_list %}
{% block extrastyle %}
{{ block.super }}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static "admin/css/changelists.css" %}">
{% if cl.formset %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static "admin/css/forms.css" %}">
{% endif %}
{% if cl.formset or action_form %}
<script src="{% url 'admin:jsi18n' %}"></script>
{% endif %}
{{ media.css }}
{% if not actions_on_top and not actions_on_bottom %}
<style>
#changelist table thead th:first-child {width: inherit}
</style>
{% endif %}
{% endblock %}
{% block extrahead %}
{{ block.super }}
{{ media.js }}
{% endblock %}
{% block bodyclass %}{{ block.super }} app-{{ opts.app_label }} model-{{ opts.model_name }} change-list{% endblock %}
{% if not is_popup %}
{% block breadcrumbs %}
<div class="breadcrumbs">
<a href="{% url 'admin:index' %}">{% translate 'Home' %}</a>
&rsaquo; <a href="{% url 'admin:app_list' app_label=cl.opts.app_label %}">{{ cl.opts.app_config.verbose_name }}</a>
&rsaquo; {{ cl.opts.verbose_name_plural|capfirst }}
</div>
{% endblock %}
{% endif %}
{% block coltype %}{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div id="content-main">
{% block object-tools %}
<ul class="object-tools">
{% block object-tools-items %}
{% change_list_object_tools %}
{% endblock %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
{% if cl.formset and cl.formset.errors %}
<p class="errornote">
{% if cl.formset.total_error_count == 1 %}{% translate "Please correct the error below." %}{% else %}{% translate "Please correct the errors below." %}{% endif %}
</p>
{{ cl.formset.non_form_errors }}
{% endif %}
<div class="module{% if cl.has_filters %} filtered{% endif %}" id="changelist">
<div class="changelist-form-container">
{% block search %}{% search_form cl %}{% endblock %}
{% block date_hierarchy %}{% if cl.date_hierarchy %}{% date_hierarchy cl %}{% endif %}{% endblock %}
<form id="changelist-form" method="post"{% if cl.formset and cl.formset.is_multipart %} enctype="multipart/form-data"{% endif %} novalidate>{% csrf_token %}
{% if cl.formset %}
<div>{{ cl.formset.management_form }}</div>
{% endif %}
{% block result_list %}
{% if action_form and actions_on_top and cl.show_admin_actions %}{% admin_actions %}{% endif %}
{% result_list cl %}
{% if action_form and actions_on_bottom and cl.show_admin_actions %}{% admin_actions %}{% endif %}
{% endblock %}
{% block pagination %}{% pagination cl %}{% endblock %}
</form>
</div>
{% block filters %}
{% if cl.has_filters %}
<div id="changelist-filter">
<h2>{% translate 'Filter' %}</h2>
{% if cl.has_active_filters %}<h3 id="changelist-filter-clear">
<a href="{{ cl.clear_all_filters_qs }}">&#10006; {% translate "Clear all filters" %}</a>
</h3>{% endif %}
{% for spec in cl.filter_specs %}{% admin_list_filter cl spec %}{% endfor %}
</div>
{% endif %}
{% endblock %}
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

myproject/portal/templates/portal/views.py:

from django.shortcuts import render

def testview(request):
return render(
request, 'portal/mymodel/testview.html', {'app_label': 'portal'}
)

和堆叠道：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.4/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 137, in run
self.result = application(self.environ, self.start_response)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/handlers.py", line 76, in __call__
return self.application(environ, start_response)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 133, in __call__
response = self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 130, in get_response
response = self._middleware_chain(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 117, in __call__
response = response or self.get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 49, in inner
response = response_for_exception(request, exc)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 114, in response_for_exception
response = handle_uncaught_exception(request, get_resolver(get_urlconf()), sys.exc_info())
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 181, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/myproject/portal/views.py", line 8, in testview
return render(
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/shortcuts.py", line 19, in render
content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/loader.py", line 62, in render_to_string
return template.render(context, request)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/backends/django.py", line 61, in render
return self.template.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 170, in render
return self._render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 162, in _render
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 150, in render
return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 162, in _render
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 150, in render
return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 162, in _render
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 150, in render
return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 162, in _render
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py", line 312, in render
return nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py", line 62, in render
result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 938, in render
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 905, in render_annotated
return self.render(context)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/template/defaulttags.py", line 446, in render
url = reverse(view_name, args=args, kwargs=kwargs, current_app=current_app)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/urls/base.py", line 86, in reverse
return resolver._reverse_with_prefix(view, prefix, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/Me:D/myproject/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 694, in _reverse_with_prefix
raise NoReverseMatch(msg)
django.urls.exceptions.NoReverseMatch: Reverse for 'app_list' with keyword arguments '{'app_label': ''}' not found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['admin/(?P<app_label>portal|auth|accounts)/$']

有人知道我做错了什么吗？愚蠢的初学者错误？此外，如果这里还有其他相关的代码，请让我知道，我可以提供它。

已编辑以添加：这里更高层次的问题是MyModel有一个名为user的字段。当用户查看MyModel更改列表时，他们只需要看到引用它们的MyModel对象，而不应该看到引用其他用户的MyModel物体。

Answer 1

首先，您使用的是管理之外的视图，这很好，但您使用的管理模板change_list.html假设了一些随模板上下文发送的变量。我建议将自定义URL添加到admin.py(见下文(，并发送必要的上下文，以便正确呈现模板。

我遇到了同样的问题，这是由以下行引起的：

<li><a href="{% url 'admin:app_list' app_label=opts.app_label %}">{{ opts.app_config.verbose_name }}</a></li>

当查看提供给带有django-debug-toolbar的模板的上下文时，我注意到opts变量没有被发送。在你的案例中，罪魁祸首可能是cl。

所以我不得不更新我的自定义网址代码并自己发送：

def get_urls(self):
urls = super().get_urls()
opts = self.model._meta
custom_urls = [
url(
r'^(?P<some_id>.+)/actions/task_start/$',
self.admin_site.admin_view(SomeCustomFormView.as_view(
extra_context={'opts': opts}
)),
name='task_start',
),
]
return custom_urls + urls

cl变量来自请求：cl = self.get_changelist_instance(request)，并以这样的上下文发送(django/contrib/admin/options.py(:

context = {
**self.admin_site.each_context(request),
'module_name': str(opts.verbose_name_plural),
'selection_note': _('0 of %(cnt)s selected') % {'cnt': len(cl.result_list)},
'selection_note_all': selection_note_all % {'total_count': cl.result_count},
'title': cl.title,
'subtitle': None,
'is_popup': cl.is_popup,
'to_field': cl.to_field,
'cl': cl,
'media': media,
'has_add_permission': self.has_add_permission(request),
'opts': cl.opts,
'action_form': action_form,
'actions_on_top': self.actions_on_top,
'actions_on_bottom': self.actions_on_bottom,
'actions_selection_counter': self.actions_selection_counter,
'preserved_filters': self.get_preserved_filters(request),
**(extra_context or {}),
}

但是您无法轻松访问get_urls中的请求，所以我会更改模板代码，而不是使用cl，而是使用从模型元字段中获得的opts。