C语言 Insertion into AVL tree



我目前正在尝试在c中构建一个AVL树,其中每个节点都包含一个名称和一个值。树应该按值排序。目前,输入:

6 Franklin
4 David
1 Anna 
2 Bob
3 Cora
5 Ella
7 Griffin

树最终看起来像

David
/           
Anna        Franklin
        /    
Bob    Ella  Griffin
 
Cora

什么时候看起来像

David
/          
Bob       Franklin
/          /      
Anna  Cora  Ella  Griffin

这似乎是它打破的阈值大小,输入由较少的节点组成。相关代码:

#define MAX(X, Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (Y) : (X))
int height(struct Tree_Node *n) {
if (n->right && n->left) return MAX(n->right->height, n->left->height) + 1;
if (n->left && !n->right) return n->left->height + 1;
if (n->right && !n->left) return n->right->height + 1;
return 0;
}
int balance(struct Tree_Node *n) {
if (n->left && n->right) return n->left->height - n->right->height;
if (n->left && !n->right) return n->left->height;
if (!n->left && n->right) return n->right->height;
return 0;
}
struct Tree_Node *rotate_left(struct Tree_Node *n){
struct Tree_Node *p;
struct Tree_Node *tp;
p = n;
tp = p->left;
p->left = tp->right;
tp->right = p;
return tp; 
}

struct Tree_Node *rotate_right(struct Tree_Node *n){
struct Tree_Node *p;
struct Tree_Node *tp;
p = n;
tp = p->right;
p->right = tp->left;
tp->left = p;
return tp; 
}
struct Tree_Node *rotate_right_left(struct Tree_Node *n) {
struct Tree_Node *p;
struct Tree_Node *tp;
struct Tree_Node *tp2;
p = n;
tp = p->right;
tp2 =p->right->left;
p -> right = tp2->left;
tp ->left = tp2->right;
tp2 ->left = p;
tp2->right = tp; 

return tp2; 
}
struct Tree_Node *rotate_left_right(struct Tree_Node *n) {
struct Tree_Node *p;
struct Tree_Node *tp;
struct Tree_Node *tp2;
p = n;
tp = p->left;
tp2 =p->left->right;
p -> left = tp2->right;
tp ->right = tp2->left;
tp2 ->right = p;
tp2->left = tp; 

return tp2; 
}
struct Tree_Node *insert_leaf(struct Tree_Node *root, struct Tree_Node *new) {
if (!root) {
root = new;
root->left = NULL;
root->right = NULL;
root->height = 0;
return root;
}
else {
if (new->value < root->value) root->left = insert_leaf(root->left, new);
else root->right = insert_leaf(root->right, new);
}
root->height = height(root);

if (balance(root) > 1 && new->value < root->left->value) root = rotate_left(root);
else if (balance(root) < -1 && new->value > root->right->value) root = rotate_right(root);
else if (balance(root) < -1 && new->value < root->right->value) root = rotate_right_left(root);
else if (balance(root) > 1 && new->value > root->left->value) root = rotate_left_right(root);
return root;
}

存在以下问题:

  • 叶节点的高度是1,而不是0。因此height函数中的最后一个return应该是:

    return 1;
    

    insert_leaf功能中,从if块中删除这两行:

    root->height = 0;
    return root;
    

    这样,执行将继续调用height,以将该值正确设置为1。

  • 旋转函数将更改作为返回节点后代的节点的高度,因此必须更新它们的高度。在单个旋转函数中,因此添加此行:

    p->height = height(p);
    

    在双旋转功能中,添加:

    p->height = height(p);
    tp->height = height(tp);
    
  • 使用n->left->height - n->right->height将右重树的平衡定义为负,但当n->leftNULLn->right不是时,将其设为。在这种情况下,它应该是。所以添加否定运算符如下:

    if (!n->left && n->right) return -n->right->height;
    

通过这些更改,将为您的测试用例构建预期的树。

最新更新