当使用python和bs4从网站抓取数据时，HTTP 403被禁止显示

Question

当报废数据时显示403禁止错误时，如何进一步处理并从网站中报废数据

如何刮取数据请指导我我是一个网络刮取的初学者

import requests, bs4
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from csv import writer
url = "https://www.zocdoc.com/gastroenterologists/2"
page = requests.get(url)
page
page.status_code
**403**
page.content
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content, 'html.parser')
soup
print(soup.prettify())
users = soup.find_all('div', {'data-test': 'search-content'})
for use in users:
doctor = use.find('span', attrs={'data-test': 'doctor-card-info-name-full'})#.replace('n', '')
specialty = list.find('div', {'data-test': 'doctor-card-info-specialty'})
#specialty = list.find('div', class_="sc-192nc1l-0 buuGUI overflown")#.text.replace('n', '')
#price = list.find('div', class_="listing-search-item__price").text.replace('n', '')
#area = list.find('div', class_="listing-search-item__features").text.replace('n', '')
info = [doctor] #price, area]
print(info)

没有得到输出，在这个网站上没有一个部分标签来获取或查找所有数据

Answer 1

在这种情况下，您可以通过以下方式克服403错误：

import requests
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0'}
HOST = 'https://www.zocdoc.com'
PAGE = 'gastroenterologists/2'
with requests.Session() as session:
(r := session.get(HOST, headers=headers)).raise_for_status()
(r := session.get(f'{HOST}/{PAGE}', headers=headers)).raise_for_status()
# process content from here