Selenium等待，直到element by ID存在或可见

Question

我如何让Selenium等待，直到某个元素的ID出现在页面上?

driver.find_element(By.ID, "FirstName").send_keys("MyFirstName")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "LastName").send_keys("MyLastName")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "PhoneNumber").send_keys("myPhoneNumber")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "Email").send_keys("myEmail")

例如，第3行，可能不存在于页面上，我希望它等待，直到元素存在，然后执行特定的任务，并继续执行下一行代码。

Answer 1

你可以使用这个

Java:

WebDriverWait w1 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);
w1.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("submit_btn")));

Python:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading")
try:
element = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "myDynamicElement"))
)
finally:
driver.quit()

查看更多信息:https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.html

Answer 2

要等到元素存在时才发送字符序列，您需要为element_to_be_clickable()诱导WebDriverWait，您可以使用以下定位策略之一:

• UsingID:

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "PhoneNumber"))).send_keys("user901")
  

• UsingCSS_SELECTOR:

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#myPhoneNumber"))).send_keys("user901")
  

• 使用XPATH:

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//*[@id='myPhoneNumber']"))).send_keys("user901")
  

• 注意:您必须添加以下导入:

  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC