在Dockerfile中写入多行文件

Question

我想写一个文件到Dockerfile。我不想导入文件。

我想要最简单的解决方案，就像不工作的解决方案。我想避免重复多次echo每次的文件名…

感谢您的帮助!

# This one is not working
RUN echo "[supervisord] 
nodaemon=true 
[program:ssh] 
command=service ssh start 
autorestart=true 
[program:nginx] 
command=service nginx start 
autorestart=true" >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
# This one is working
# RUN echo '[supervisord]' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo 'nodaemon=true' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo '[program:ssh]' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo 'command=service ssh start' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo 'autorestart=true' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo '[program:nginx]' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo 'command=service nginx start' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
#     && echo 'autorestart=true' >> /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 

不工作

RUN echo $'[supervisord]n
nodaemon=truen
[program:ssh]n
command=service ssh startn
autorestart=truen
[program:nginx]n
command=service nginx startn
autorestart=true' > /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 

这是上面的Dockerfile使用的图像:

FROM debian:latest
# Run install with..
USER root

LABEL first_build="2021-01-28"

# Timezone Paris
ENV TZ Europe/Paris
RUN cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Paris /etc/localtime
# Motd Dock'Ager
ADD var/motd.tar.gz /etc/update-motd.d/
COPY var/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
# SSH & Timezone & Munin
RUN echo 'debconf debconf/frontend select Noninteractive' | debconf-set-selections 
&& apt-get update 
&& apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get install -y 
openssh-server 
sudo 
nano 
zip 
unzip 
tar 
nginx 
munin 
munin-node 
munin-plugins-extra 
figlet 
ruby-full 
curl 
wget 
&& useradd -rm -d /home/test -s /bin/bash -g root -G sudo -u 1000 test 
&& echo 'test:test' | chpasswd 
&& echo 'root:root' | chpasswd 
&& cd /tmp 
&& wget https://github.com/busyloop/lolcat/archive/master.zip 
&& unzip master.zip 
&& cd lolcat-master/bin 
&& gem install lolcat 
&& sed -i '/pam_motd.so noupdate/s/^/#/g' /etc/pam.d/sshd 
&& chmod +x /etc/update-motd.d/* 
&& apt-get clean 
&& rm -rf /var/log/* 
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
COPY var/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Answer 1

备选方案

如果您以"正常方式"定义该文件，效果会更好。这样读起来容易多了。
您可以将文件传递到容器中——参见下面的示例。

supervisord.conf

[supervisord]
nodaemon=true
[program:ssh]
command=service ssh start
autorestart=true
[program:nginx]
command=service nginx start
autorestart=true

Dockerfile

# ...
COPY supervisord.conf /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf
# ...

<标题>

如果你想把文件保存在dockerfile中，那么你可以这样做:

Dockerfile

# ...
RUN echo $'testn
abcn
def' > test.txt
# ...

最后一个反斜杠用于docker。前面的美元符号导致bash解释n或t，参见bash中前面的美元符号如何影响单引号?

编辑(for debian-image)

Debian的反应完全不同，所以你必须写:

# ...
RUN echo '[supervisord]n
nodaemon=truen
[program:ssh]n
command=service ssh startn
autorestart=truen
[program:nginx]n
command=service nginx startn
autorestart=true' > /etc/supervisor/conf.d/supervisord.conf 
# ...

它是非常丑陋的，我强烈建议一个封装文件。

Answer 2

事实上，这个问题与Docker无关，而是与您使用echo命令的方式有关。
如果使用双引号，空行将被删除。要保留空行，需要使用简单的引号(并删除行尾的)。

你可以在你的终端上试试:

# with double quote
$ echo "hello 
> World"
# result
hello World
# With simple quote
$ echo 'Hello
> World'
#result
Hello
World