Django:避免端口8000 (runserver)冲突

Question

我同时开发几个项目。

如果我运行runserver两次，我得到这个错误:

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
September 10, 2021 - 10:44:26
Django version 3.1.4, using settings 'mysite.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
Error: That port is already in use.

我知道我可以手动提供不同的端口，但是更自动的方法会更好。

如果不手动给每个项目一个端口，我该如何解决这个冲突?

我的笔记本电脑上有50多个系统，我不想手动给每个系统指定端口号。

Answer 1

您可以实现如下内容:

1. 在settings.py中添加RUN_SERVER_PORT

RUN_SERVER_PORT = 8080

2. 在manage.py
中实现以下代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
import os
import sys
from django.core.management.commands.runserver import Command as runserver
from django.conf import settings

def main():
"""Run administrative tasks."""
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'accountant.settings')
try:
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
except ImportError as exc:
raise ImportError(
"Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
"available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
"forget to activate a virtual environment?"
) from exc
runserver.default_port = settings.RUN_SERVER_PORT
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

工作量证明:

python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
September 19, 2021 - 12:47:59
Django version 3.2.6, using settings 'accountant.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8080/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

您可以使用RUN_SERVER_PORT中的任何可用端口

Answer 2

您可以创建自己的管理命令runsever_foo。

您可以从settings.py或os.environ中获取端口的默认值。

Answer 3

本文参考:https://stackoverflow.com/a/38319452/16936785

我建议修改manage.py下的服务器端口为以下随机端口选择:

import random
from django.core.management.commands.runserver import Command
port_number = random.randint(8000, 8888)
Command.default_port = str(port_number)

Answer 4

把它放在你的.bashrc.zshrc或.bash_profile取决于你的环境。

#!/usr/bin/env bash
function runserver()
{
local PORTNUM=8000
for (( ; ; )); do
nc -z 127.0.0.1 $PORTNUM
[ $? -ne 0 ] && break
PORTNUM=$(( $RANDOM % 1000 + 8000 ))
done
python manage.py runserver $PORTNUM $@
}

然后运行runserver，它应该会打开一个端口在[8000, 9000)

范围内的测试服务器此函数使用netcat来测试端口是否可用，您可能需要安装netcat。

Answer 5

在不同的端口上运行Django

python manage.py runserver <your IP>:<port>:python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:5000

或python manage.py runserver <port>:python manage.py runserver 5000

自动化的创建一个类似django_5000和django_7000的bash脚本，根据所需的端口执行不同的命令。