根据选择的值显示模板中的数据

Question

嗨，朋友们，我需要帮助，因为我是新的django!我需要根据从select中选择的选项显示我保存在表中的信息。在模板中选择select选项时，我使用JavaScript将值保存在一个变量中(我这样做没有问题)。我无法将该变量的值获取到get_context_data方法，以便稍后在模板中显示它。JavaScript代码:

$(function () {  
$('select[name="reporteFecha"]').on('change', function () {
var fecha = $(this).val();
$.ajax({
url: window.location.pathname,
type: 'POST',
data: {
'action': 'search_fecha',
'fecha': fecha
},
dataType: 'json',
})
});
});

视图代码:

def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)

### I need to obtain within this function the value of the select in a variable ###
CE = ConsumoElect.objects.filter(fecha = *value obtained from JavaScript*)

context = {
'CE': CE,
'title': 'Reporte de Control de Electricidad',
'entity': 'Reporte Electricidad',
'list_url': reverse_lazy('cont_elect:Reporte_list'),
'form': ReportForm(),
}  
return context

我需要在get_context_data内的一个变量中获得我用JavaScript捕获的值，以便以后能够在模板

中显示它

Answer 1

get_context_data是为GET请求而不是POST请求而创建的。它基本上不是用来做计算或管理POST的渲染的。为此，必须重新定义post()方法。在您的示例中，您将使用如下内容:

class YourClass(view):
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
"""
It's useless to call the super get context data if you redefine it just after.
Here you just create the "base" context (that you will have on GET and POST request).
"""
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context.update({
'title': 'Reporte de Control de Electricidad',
'entity': 'Reporte Electricidad',
'list_url': reverse_lazy('cont_elect:Reporte_list'),
'form': ReportForm(),
}) # You update the super context_data to not override it
return context

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Here you redefine the behavior of the POST request
"""
CE = ConsumoElect.objects.filter(fecha=request.POST.get('fecha')
context = self.get_context_data() #retrieving the "base" context
context['CE'] = CE
return render(request, 'templatename.html', context)

```

Answer 2

看了一些视频教程，我发现一个帮助我解决了这个问题(虽然它不使用JavaScript)，方法不是视图的类，而是一个函数。

def Reporte3View(req):
fecha = req.POST.get('fecha')
ConsE = list(TipoPGD.objects.all().values('id', 'name'))
lista_CE=[]

if fecha == None:
for item in ConsE:
B = ConsumoElect.objects.filter(pgd=item['id'])
lista_CE.append(B)
else:
for item in ConsE:
B = ConsumoElect.objects.filter(pgd=item['id'], fecha=fecha)
lista_CE.append(B)
context = {
'lista_CE': lista_CE,
'entity': 'Reporte Electricidad',
'title': 'Reporte de Control de Electricidad',
'list_url': reverse_lazy('cont_elect:Reporte3'),
'form': Report3Form(),
#'form': Report3Form(initial={'fecha': '2023-04-01'}), # Me muestra este valor
}
form = Report3Form()
return render(req, 'Reporte/reporte_elect3.html', context )