C编码:将结构写入内存块



我正在做一个必须用标准C编码的项目。(不是C++。(不久前,我写了下面的程序,将不同结构的内容写入一个二进制文件:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct structA{
int a, b, c;
}AAA;
typedef struct structB{
int a, b, c, d, e;
}BBB;

int main( int argc, char **argv ){
// Create and open the output file
FILE *fd = fopen("test.txt", "w");
AAA* a1 = (AAA*)malloc( sizeof(AAA) );
AAA* a2 = (AAA*)malloc( sizeof(AAA) );
BBB* b1 = (BBB*)malloc( sizeof(BBB) );
a1->a = 1;   a1->b = 2;   a1->c = 3;
a2->a = 4;   a2->b = 5;   a2->c = 6;
b1->a = 10;  b1->b = 20;  b1->c = 30;  b1->d = 40;  b1->e = 50;
// Write all these structs to the file:
fwrite((char*)&a1, sizeof(AAA), 1, fd);
fwrite((char*)&a2, sizeof(AAA), 1, fd);
fwrite((char*)&b1, sizeof(BBB), 1, fd);
// Close the file
fclose( fd );
free( a1 );
free( a2 );
free( b1 );
printf("END OF PROGRAM.n");
return 0;
}

上面的工作非常完美…尽管我看不出输出:

me@ubuntu:/home/me# more test.txt
▒$▒&V
me@ubuntu:/home/me#

我有另一个程序可以读取这个文件并从结构中提取所有信息。所以我知道上面的代码正是我想要的。

但现在,我需要将这些结构写入一块分配的内存,而不是写入文件。我以为这会很容易:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct structA{
int a, b, c;
}AAA;
typedef struct structB{
int a, b, c, d, e;
}BBB;

int main( int argc, char **argv ){
u_char* BlockOfMemory = (u_char*) malloc( sizeof(u_char) * 100 );
AAA* a1 = (AAA*)malloc( sizeof(AAA) );
AAA* a2 = (AAA*)malloc( sizeof(AAA) );
BBB* b1 = (BBB*)malloc( sizeof(BBB) );
a1->a = 1;   a1->b = 2;   a1->c = 3;
a2->a = 4;   a2->b = 5;   a2->c = 6;
b1->a = 10;  b1->b = 20;  b1->c = 30;  b1->d = 40;  b1->e = 50;
// Write all these structs into BlockOfMemory:
memcpy ( BlockOfMemory, &a1, sizeof( AAA ) );
memcpy ( (BlockOfMemory+sizeof(AAA)), &a2, sizeof( AAA ) );
memcpy ( (BlockOfMemory+sizeof(AAA)+sizeof(AAA)), &b1, sizeof( BBB ) );
printf("==>  %hhnn", BlockOfMemory);
free( a1 );
free( a2 );
free( b1 );
free( BlockOfMemory );
printf("END OF PROGRAM.n");
return 0;
}

它起作用了吗?我不知道:

me@ubuntu:/home/me# gcc -Wall writeBlock.c
me@ubuntu:/home/me# ./a.out
==>
END OF PROGRAM.
me@ubuntu:/home/me#

这里的目标是内存块必须包含与二进制文件完全相同的信息。我的代码编译和运行的情况很奇怪,但考虑到我拥有的工具(VI和GCC(,我无法验证我的代码是否正确或偏离了目标。

有人能提出建议吗?另外,memcpy()是要在这里使用的函数吗?非常感谢。

编辑:修复了第一个程序时,我错误地添加了第二个";游离(b1("因为剪切粘贴错误。

如前所述,您正在将指针a1的地址传递给memcpy,a2b1也是如此。应该是

memcpy ( BlockOfMemory, a1, sizeof( AAA ) );
memcpy ( (BlockOfMemory+sizeof(AAA)), a2, sizeof( AAA ) );
memcpy ( (BlockOfMemory+sizeof(AAA)+sizeof(AAA)), b1, sizeof( BBB ) );

如果你想打印BlockOfMemory的内容,你需要转换回AAA*BBB*,并使用指针算法移动,就像一样

unsigned char* tmp = BlockOfMemory;
AAA* x = (AAA*)tmp;
printf("==>  %d %d %dn", x->a, x->b, x->c);
tmp += sizeof(AAA);
x = (AAA*)tmp;
printf("==>  %d %d %dn", x->a, x->b, x->c);
tmp += sizeof(AAA);
BBB* y = (BBB*)tmp;
printf("==>  %d %d %d %d %dn", y->a, y->b, y->c, y->d, y->e);

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