我正试图通过pecl安装oci8，遵循此链接。去年，在php8.0发布之前，我按照这些步骤成功安装了oci8。这是我的配置：
- Ubuntu 18.04.5
- PHP7.3
- Oracle instantclient 19.10版(还尝试了21.1和19.8，这是php8.0发布之前对我有效的最后一个版本(
这是我在解压instantclient:后所做的
sudo echo /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10 > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle-instantclient.conf
sudo ldconfig
sudo apt install php7.3-dev php-pear build-essential libaio1
echo "instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10" | pecl install oci8-2.2.0
您可以在下面找到echo "instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10" | pecl install oci8-2.2.0的输出：
downloading oci8-2.2.0.tgz ...
Starting to download oci8-2.2.0.tgz (196,449 bytes)
.........................................done: 196,449 bytes
11 source files, building
running: phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20200930
Zend Module Api No: 20200930
Zend Extension Api No: 420200930
Please provide the path to the ORACLE_HOME directory. Use 'instantclient,/path/to/instant/client/lib' if you're compiling with Oracle Instant Client [autodetect] : building in /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0
running: /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config --with-oci8=instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for cc... cc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether cc accepts -g... yes
checking for cc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -E
checking for icc... no
checking for suncc... no
checking for system library directory... lib
checking if compiler supports -R... no
checking if compiler supports -Wl,-rpath,... yes
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for PHP prefix... /usr
checking for PHP includes... -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib
checking for PHP extension directory... /usr/lib/php/20200930
checking for PHP installed headers prefix... /usr/include/php/20200930
checking if debug is enabled... no
checking if zts is enabled... no
checking for gawk... no
checking for nawk... nawk
checking if nawk is broken... no
checking for Oracle Database OCI8 support... yes, shared
checking PHP version... 8.0.3, ok
checking OCI8 DTrace support... no
checking size of long int... 8
checking checking if we're on a 64-bit platform... yes
checking Oracle Instant Client directory... /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10
checking Oracle Instant Client SDK header directory... /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include
checking Oracle Instant Client library version compatibility... 19.1
checking how to print strings... printf
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... (cached) /bin/sed
checking for fgrep... /bin/grep -F
checking for ld used by cc... /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864
checking how to convert x86_64-pc-linux-gnu file names to x86_64-pc-linux-gnu format... func_convert_file_noop
checking how to convert x86_64-pc-linux-gnu file names to toolchain format... func_convert_file_noop
checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for objdump... objdump
checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all
checking for dlltool... no
checking how to associate runtime and link libraries... printf %sn
checking for ar... ar
checking for archiver @FILE support... @
checking for strip... strip
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking for gawk... (cached) nawk
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from cc object... ok
checking for sysroot... no
checking for a working dd... /bin/dd
checking how to truncate binary pipes... /bin/dd bs=4096 count=1
checking for mt... mt
checking if mt is a manifest tool... no
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking for objdir... .libs
checking if cc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no
checking for cc option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if cc PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if cc static flag -static works... yes
checking if cc supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if cc supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the cc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... no
configure: patching config.h.in
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing libtool commands
running: make
/bin/bash /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8.c -o oci8.lo
libtool: compile: cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8.o
/bin/bash /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_lob.c -o oci8_lob.lo
libtool: compile: cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_lob.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8_lob.o
/bin/bash /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_statement.c -o oci8_statement.lo
libtool: compile: cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_statement.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8_statement.o
/bin/bash /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_collection.c -o oci8_collection.lo
libtool: compile: cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_collection.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8_collection.o
/bin/bash /tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c -o oci8_interface.lo
libtool: compile: cc -I. -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/include -I/tmp/pear/temp/pear-build-rootF6jqsy/oci8-2.2.0/main -I/tmp/pear/temp/oci8 -I/usr/include/php/20200930 -I/usr/include/php/20200930/main -I/usr/include/php/20200930/TSRM -I/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext -I/usr/include/php/20200930/ext/date/lib -I/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_10/sdk/include -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/oci8_interface.o
/tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c: In function ‘zif_oci_fetch_all’:
/tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c:1476:3: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘Z_PARAM_ZVAL_DEREF_EX’; did you mean ‘Z_PARAM_ZVAL_EX’? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Z_PARAM_ZVAL_DEREF_EX(array, 0, 1)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Z_PARAM_ZVAL_EX
In file included from /usr/include/php/20200930/main/php.h:36:0,
from /tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c:32:
/usr/include/php/20200930/Zend/zend_API.h:1349:2: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘_optional’
_optional = 1;
^
/tmp/pear/temp/oci8/oci8_interface.c:1477:3: note: in expansion of macro ‘Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL’
Z_PARAM_OPTIONAL
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Makefile:219: recipe for target 'oci8_interface.lo' failed
make: *** [oci8_interface.lo] Error 1
ERROR: `make' failed
我在网上搜索过，但这是我能找到的关于我的问题的唯一答案。
编辑：在进一步的检查中，甚至上面的答案都没有解决我的问题。抱歉。
检查是否有正确的PHP头文件-路径中的20200930看起来可疑。即使在Ubuntu 20.20上，默认的PHP 7.4也会在/usr/include/php/20190902中安装头文件，那么为什么你的7.3头文件在/usr/include/php/20200930中呢？
如果这不是问题所在，请检查您的编译器是否太旧？尝试"phpize"安装(请参阅此处(并添加编译选项以查看宏正在扩展到什么。尝试从与您的版本匹配的PHP源捆绑包中获取OCI8目录(并使用phpize方法进行安装(。问题不会是即时客户端。
最后，为什么不升级Ubuntu和/或PHP呢？
对oci8有效的方法是通过对目录进行别名，诱骗pecl使用首选版本的include文件，然后在编译后将库移动到正确的目录：
$ cd /usr/include/php/ -- create the alias
$ sudo mv 20210902 x20210902
$ sudo ln -s 20190902 20210902
$ sudo pecl install oci8-2.2.0 -- build the library
instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_8
...
Installing '/usr/lib/php/20210902/oci8.so' -- success!
install ok: channel://pecl.php.net/oci8-2.2.0
$ cd /usr/lib/php/20210902/ -- move the library
$ sudo mv oci8.so ../20190902/
$ cd /usr/include/php/ -- undo the alias
$ sudo rm 20190902
$ sudo mv x20210902 20210902
在设置了ini和其他文件并重新启动Apache之后，错误日志显示没有错误，phpinfo()显示了oci8部分。
如果您安装了多个PHP，则应将所有三个phpphpize和php-conf更改为所需版本：
sudo update-alternatives --set phpize /usr/bin/phpize7.3
sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.3
sudo update-alternatives --set php-config /usr/bin/php-config7.3
之后，pecl install oci8-2.2.0按预期工作，并安装到PHP7.3