打印AWK中包含变量的字符串

Question

我正在尝试从手机中解析android包列表。示例数据如下所示。

Package [com.google.android.as] (9faf0bc):
userId=10320
pkg=Package{299f845 com.google.android.as}
codePath=/system/priv-app/DevicePersonalizationServices
resourcePath=/system/priv-app/DevicePersonalizationServices
legacyNativeLibraryDir=/system/priv-app/DevicePersonalizationServices/lib
primaryCpuAbi=arm64-v8a
secondaryCpuAbi=null
versionCode=4371429 minSdk=30 targetSdk=30
versionName=R.3.sysimg.oem.325908743
splits=[base]
apkSigningVersion=0
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{299f845 com.google.android.as}
flags=[ SYSTEM HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ALLOW_BACKUP ]
privateFlags=[ PRIVATE_FLAG_ACTIVITIES_RESIZE_MODE_RESIZEABLE_VIA_SDK_VERSION ALLOW_AUDIO_PLAYBACK_CAPTURE PRIVILEGED PRIVATE_FLAG_ALLOW_NATIVE_HEAP_POINTER_TAGGING ]
forceQueryable=false
queriesPackages=[]
dataDir=/data/user/0/com.google.android.as
supportsScreens=[small, medium, large, xlarge, resizeable, anyDensity]
timeStamp=2008-12-31 20:30:00
firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00
lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00
signatures=PackageSignatures{f91eb9a version:0, signatures:[], past signatures:[]}
installPermissionsFixed=false
pkgFlags=[ SYSTEM HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ALLOW_BACKUP ]
install permissions:
android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_ROUTING: granted=true
android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW: granted=true
<< multiple lines >>
android.permission.READ_DEVICE_CONFIG: granted=true
android.permission.READ_OEM_UNLOCK_STATE: granted=true
User 0: ceDataInode=0 installed=true hidden=false suspended=false distractionFlags=0 stopped=false notLaunched=false enabled=0 instant=false virtual=false
gids=[3002, 3003, 3001]
User 150: ceDataInode=0 installed=true hidden=false suspended=false distractionFlags=0 stopped=false notLaunched=false enabled=0 instant=false virtual=false
gids=[3002, 3003, 3001]
Package [com.google.android.gm] (a066ccb):
userId=10230
pkg=Package{9e45ca8 com.google.android.gm}
codePath=/system/app/Gmail2
resourcePath=/system/app/Gmail2
legacyNativeLibraryDir=/system/app/Gmail2/lib
primaryCpuAbi=null
secondaryCpuAbi=null
versionCode=62209002 minSdk=21 targetSdk=29
versionName=2020.05.31.316831277.release
splits=[base]
apkSigningVersion=0
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{9e45ca8 com.google.android.gm}
flags=[ SYSTEM HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ALLOW_BACKUP KILL_AFTER_RESTORE RESTORE_ANY_VERSION ]
privateFlags=[ PRIVATE_FLAG_ACTIVITIES_RESIZE_MODE_RESIZEABLE ALLOW_AUDIO_PLAYBACK_CAPTURE PRIVATE_FLAG_REQUEST_LEGACY_EXTERNAL_STORAGE HAS_DOMAIN_URLS PRIVATE_FLAG_ALLOW_NATIVE_HEAP_POINTER_TAGGING ]
forceQueryable=false
queriesIntents=[Intent { act=android.support.customtabs.action.CustomTabsService }, Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW cat=[android.intent.category.BROWSABLE] dat=http://www.example.com/... }, Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW cat=[android.intent.category.BROWSABLE] dat=http://www.example.com/... }, Intent { act=android.support.customtabs.action.CustomTabsService }]
dataDir=/data/user/0/com.google.android.gm
supportsScreens=[small, medium, large, xlarge, resizeable, anyDensity]
usesLibraries:
android.test.base
usesOptionalLibraries:
org.apache.http.legacy
timeStamp=2008-12-31 20:30:00
firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00
lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00
signatures=PackageSignatures{c66d3c1 version:0, signatures:[], past signatures:[]}
installPermissionsFixed=false
pkgFlags=[ SYSTEM HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA ALLOW_BACKUP KILL_AFTER_RESTORE RESTORE_ANY_VERSION ]
declared permissions:
com.google.android.gm.email.permission.READ_ATTACHMENT: prot=signature
com.google.android.gm.email.permission.ACCESS_PROVIDER: prot=signature
<< multiple lines >>      
com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT: granted=true
com.google.android.gms.permission.REQUEST_SCREEN_LOCK_COMPLEXITY: granted=true
android.permission.WAKE_LOCK: granted=true
User 0: ceDataInode=0 installed=true hidden=false suspended=false distractionFlags=0 stopped=false notLaunched=false enabled=0 instant=false virtual=false
gids=[3003]
User 150: ceDataInode=0 installed=true hidden=false suspended=false distractionFlags=0 stopped=false notLaunched=false enabled=0 instant=false virtual=false
gids=[3003]

为了解析AWK中的数据，我使用下的命令

dumpsys package | awk '/^[ ]*Package [.*] (.*)/ { i = index($0, "[") + 1; pkg = substr($0, i, index($0, "]") - i); } /[ ]*versionCode=/ /[ ]*versionName=/  /[ ]*firstInstallTime=/ /[ ]*lastUpdateTime=/ { { print "START PackageName=" pkg $0 " END"; pkg = ""; } }'

上述命令的输出与下相同

versionCode=4371429 minSdk=30 targetSdk=30    versionName=R.3.sysimg.oem.325908743    firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00START PackageName=com.google.android.as    lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END    versionCode=62209002 minSdk=21 targetSdk=29    versionName=2020.05.31.316831277.release    firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00START PackageName=com.google.android.gm    lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END

问题在于数据输出的顺序。打印时，预期输出应在START和END之间按顺序排列。我无法获得所需的结构化数据。请告知。

Answer 1

EDIT2

为了在由制表符分隔的一行上输出一个包的数据，将| paste - - - -附加到awk命令，即选择的4个属性。paste具有指定分隔符的-d选项。

或者，如果您将-v isheader=""传递给awk，您可以使用我的原始答案(按指定顺序使用属性(。

编辑

第二次尝试，也许我误读了：

dumpsys package | awk '
/^[ ]*Package [/ { 
pkg = substr($2,2,length($2)-2)
}
/^[ ]*(versionCode|versionName|firstInstallTime|lastUpdateTime)=/ { 
print "START PackageName=" pkg $0 " END"
}
'

或者，作为一个线性：

dumpsys package | awk '/^[ ]*Package [/ { pkg = substr($2,2,length($2)-2); } /^[ ]*(versionCode|versionName|firstInstallTime|lastUpdateTime)=/ { print "START PackageName=" pkg $0 " END"; }'

输出：

START PackageName=com.google.android.as    versionCode=4371429 minSdk=30 targetSdk=30 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.as    versionName=R.3.sysimg.oem.325908743 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.as    firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.as    lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.gm    versionCode=62209002 minSdk=21 targetSdk=29 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.gm    versionName=2020.05.31.316831277.release END
START PackageName=com.google.android.gm    firstInstallTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END
START PackageName=com.google.android.gm    lastUpdateTime=2008-12-31 20:30:00 END

您非常接近，但是正则表达式之间缺少||运算符，并且pkg在第二个awk模式中重置为空字符串。

---

(原始答案如下(

您发布的输出基本上是一个具有键值的conf文件对，但对每个"Package"部分重复。

以下awk脚本收集给定属性的值在关联数组(Val(中的att变量中，并打印在指定的顺序。

OFS是awk的输出字段分隔符。像att和isheader变量CCD_ 16可以在CCD_。此处默认为tab，但可以用ofs="\n"或例如CCD_ 19。

与mawk或gawk一起用作：

: ${ofs=$(printf 't')}
dumpsys-command |
awk -v OFS="${ofs}" -v isheader="" -f '/path/to/script' |
while IFS="${ofs}" read -r pkg vcode vname dt1st dtupd
do  printf '%sn' '# -----' 
"Package: ${pkg}" 
"Version code: ${vcode}" 
"Last update: ${dtupd}"
done

BEGIN {
regexSectionStart = "^ *Package "
keyvalsep = "="
if ( !att )
att="pkg  versionCode  versionName  firstInstallTime  lastUpdateTime"
split(att, Att, "  ")
for ( i in Att )
Idx[Att[i]] = i
if ( isheader )
emitArr(Att)
}
$0 ~ regexSectionStart {
emitArr(Val)
for ( i in Val )
delete Val[i]
next
}
{
key = substr($1, 1, -1+index($1,keyvalsep))
if ( key in Idx )
Val[Idx[key]] = substr($0, 1+index($0,keyvalsep))
}
## Print array in index order, skip if empty
function emitArr(V,  i,s) {
for ( i in V ) {
for ( i=1; i<=length(V); i++ )
s = s (i==1 ? "" : OFS) V[i]
print s
return
}
}
END{ emitArr(Val); }

awk脚本(isheader="x"(的输出：

pkg versionCode versionName firstInstallTime    lastUpdateTime
Package{299f845 com.google.android.as}  4371429 minSdk=30 targetSdk=30  R.3.sysimg.oem.325908743    2008-12-31 20:30:00 2008-12-31 20:30:00
Package{9e45ca8 com.google.android.gm}  62209002 minSdk=21 targetSdk=29 2020.05.31.316831277.release    2008-12-31 20:30:00 2008-12-31 20:30:00

shell脚本输出：

# -----
Package: Package{299f845 com.google.android.as}
Version code: 4371429 minSdk=30 targetSdk=30
Last update: 2008-12-31 20:30:00
# -----
Package: Package{9e45ca8 com.google.android.gm}
Version code: 62209002 minSdk=21 targetSdk=29
Last update: 2008-12-31 20:30:00