LARAVEL 8:一般错误:使用外键运行迁移时发生1005

Question

我想运行一个名为articles的迁移，如下所示：

public function up()
{
Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('user_id')->refrence('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
$table->string('title');
$table->string('slug');
$table->text('body');
$table->text('description');
$table->text('body');
$table->string('imageUrl');
$table->string('tags');
$table->integer('viewCount')->default(0);
$table->integer('commentCount')->default(0);
$table->timestamps();
});
}

但我得到了这个错误：

SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table `gooyanet`.`#sql-1ce8_1d` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed") (SQL: alter table `articles` add constraint `articles_user_id_foreign` foreign key (`user_id`) references `users` (`id`) on delete cascade)

所以我在网上搜索了一下，他们说我必须先创建表，然后添加外键，所以我写了这个：

public function up()
{
Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->string('title');
$table->string('slug');
$table->text('description');
$table->text('body');
$table->string('imageUrl');
$table->string('tags');
$table->integer('viewCount')->default(0);
$table->integer('commentCount')->default(0);
$table->timestamps();
});
Schema::table('articles', function($table)
{
$table->foreign('user_id')
->references('id')->on('users')
->onDelete('cascade');
});
}

但现在的错误是：

SQLSTATE[42S02]: Base table or view not found: 1146 Table 'gooyanet.articles' doesn't exist (SQL: alter table `articles` add constraint `articles_user_id_foreign` foreign key (`user_id`) references `users` (`id`) on delete cascade)

那么，为了使用外键运行此迁移，我应该做些什么呢？

Answer 1

默认情况下Laravel 8使用unsignedBigInteger作为外键：

$table->bigInteger('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users');

可选：Laravel提供了额外的、简洁的方法，这些方法使用约定来提供更好的开发人员体验。上面的例子可以这样写：

$table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained();