r-试图在数据集中添加一个额外的列，以计算每个资产的每日百分比回报

Question

我的数据集如下所示：

symbol  date    adjusted
BAC 2000-01-03  13.61120
BAC 2000-01-04  12.80331
BAC 2000-01-05  12.94381
BAC 2000-01-06  14.05027
BAC 2000-01-07  13.68145
BAC 2000-01-10  13.20725

在符号下面，有三种不同的股票。我想添加一个关于资产每日回报的专栏，但我一直在做什么。

Answer 1

假设每日回报是前一天和当前一天之间的差额，这应该会给你想要的：

library(dplyr)
df %>% 
group_by(symbol) %>% 
mutate(return = adjusted - lag(adjusted, 1))
# A tibble: 6 × 4
# Groups:   symbol [1]
symbol date       adjusted return
<chr>  <date>        <dbl>  <dbl>
1 BAC    2000-01-03     13.6 NA    
2 BAC    2000-01-04     12.8 -0.808
3 BAC    2000-01-05     12.9  0.140
4 BAC    2000-01-06     14.1  1.11 
5 BAC    2000-01-07     13.7 -0.369
6 BAC    2000-01-10     13.2 -0.474

Answer 2

模拟具有多个symbol值的数据；然后，正如Just James的评论所建议的，使用tapply将diff函数分别应用于每组。您需要在开始时添加一个NA，因为您无法计算第一个值的回报。

df <- structure(list(symbol = c("BAC", "BAC", "BAC", "BAC", "BAC", 
"BAC", "CAB", "CAB", "CAB", "CAB", "CAB", "CAB", "ACB", "ACB", 
"ACB", "ACB", "ACB", "ACB"), date = c("2000-01-03", "2000-01-04", 
"2000-01-05", "2000-01-06", "2000-01-07", "2000-01-10", "2000-01-03", 
"2000-01-04", "2000-01-05", "2000-01-06", "2000-01-07", "2000-01-10", 
"2000-01-03", "2000-01-04", "2000-01-05", "2000-01-06", "2000-01-07", 
"2000-01-10"), adjusted = c(13.6112, 12.80331, 12.94381, 14.05027, 
13.68145, 13.20725, 13.6112, 12.80331, 12.94381, 14.05027, 13.68145, 
13.20725, 13.6112, 12.80331, 12.94381, 14.05027, 13.68145, 13.20725
)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -18L))
df$returns <- unlist(tapply(df$adjusted, df$symbol, function(adj) c(NA, diff(adj))))
df
symbol       date adjusted  returns
1     BAC 2000-01-03 13.61120       NA
2     BAC 2000-01-04 12.80331 -0.80789
3     BAC 2000-01-05 12.94381  0.14050
4     BAC 2000-01-06 14.05027  1.10646
5     BAC 2000-01-07 13.68145 -0.36882
6     BAC 2000-01-10 13.20725 -0.47420
7     CAB 2000-01-03 13.61120       NA
8     CAB 2000-01-04 12.80331 -0.80789
9     CAB 2000-01-05 12.94381  0.14050
10    CAB 2000-01-06 14.05027  1.10646
11    CAB 2000-01-07 13.68145 -0.36882
12    CAB 2000-01-10 13.20725 -0.47420
13    ACB 2000-01-03 13.61120       NA
14    ACB 2000-01-04 12.80331 -0.80789
15    ACB 2000-01-05 12.94381  0.14050
16    ACB 2000-01-06 14.05027  1.10646
17    ACB 2000-01-07 13.68145 -0.36882
18    ACB 2000-01-10 13.20725 -0.47420