将当前日期时间与一天中包含分钟的时间进行比较

Question

将当前日期时间与包含分钟的时间进行比较的最佳方法是什么。我目前的方法似乎不是最简洁的。我想在下午6:30之后执行一个声明。

from datetime import datetime as dt
if (dt.now().hour == 18 and dt.now().minute > 30) or dt.now().hour >= 19:
print('hello world')

如果我想在下午6点30分之后到9点30分之前做，那就更麻烦了。

Answer 1

您可以简单地从datetime对象中提取一个time对象并进行直接比较。

>>> from datetime import time, datetime as dt
>>> dt.now()
datetime.datetime(2022, 3, 8, 15, 0, 56, 393436)
>>> dt.now().time() > time(14, 30)
True
>>> dt.now().time() > time(15, 30)
False

Answer 2

我会这样做：

from datetime import datetime
def check_time(date, hour, minute):
if date > date.replace(hour=hour, minute=minute):
print('its more than ' + str(hour) + ':' + str(minute))
else:
print('its less than ' + str(hour) + ':' + str(minute))
today = datetime.now()
check_time(today, 18, 30)

Answer 3

您可以使用我为其中一个项目构建的函数。我在一天、一小时、一分钟、二级建立了这个功能。为了你的需要，我减少了它。

def compare_hours(constraint: dict) -> bool:
from datetime import datetime
"""
This is used to compare a given hours,minutes against current time
The constraint must contain a single key and value.
Accepted keys are: 
1. before:
eg {"before": "17:30"}
2. after:
eg: {"after": "17:30"}
3. between:
eg: {"between": "17:30, 18:30"}
4. equal:
eg: {"equal": "15:30"}
Parameters
----------
constraint : dict
A dictionary with keys like before, after, between and equal with their corresponding values.
Returns
-------
True if constraint matches else False
"""
accepted_keys = ("before", "after", "between", "equal")
assert isinstance(constraint, dict), "Constraint must be a dict object"
assert len(constraint.keys()) == 1, "Constraint contains 0 or more than 1 keys, only 1 is allowed"
assert list(constraint.keys())[0] in accepted_keys, f"Invalid key provided. Accepted keys are {accepted_keys}"
key = list(constraint.keys())[0]
time_split = lambda x: list(map(int, x.split(":")))
try:
if key == "before":
hours, minutes = time_split(constraint.get(key))
dt = datetime.now()
if dt < dt.replace(hour=hours, minute=minutes):
return True
return False
elif key == "after":
hours, minutes = time_split(constraint.get(key))
dt = datetime.now()
if dt > dt.replace(hour=hours, minute=minutes):
return True
return False
elif key == "between":
dt = datetime.now()
values = constraint.get(key).replace(' ', '').split(",")
assert len(values) == 2, "Invalid set of constraints given for between comparison"
hours, minutes = time_split(values[0])
dt1 = dt.replace(hour=hours, minute=minutes)
hours, minutes = time_split(values[1])
dt2 = dt.replace(hour=hours, minute=minutes)
assert dt2 > dt1, "The 1st item in between must be smaller than second item"
if dt > dt1 and dt < dt2:
return True
return False
else:
hours, minutes = time_split(constraint.get(key))
dt = datetime.now()
if dt == dt.replace(hour=hours, minute=minutes):
return True
return False
except Exception as e:
print(e)

您可以根据需要重用该函数。例如：

if compare_hours({"before": "21:00"}) and compre_hours({"after": "18:30"}):
"do something"

这基本上与使用"；介于"；选项