如何使用shell脚本更改文件中标签之间的特定内容?

Question

我有一个虚拟主机apache配置文件，我想用shell脚本改变标签<VirtualHost *:80></VirtualHost>内的所有内容。

我在virtualhost.conf:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName mysite.foo.bar
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/src/
<Directory /var/www/html/src/>
Require all granted
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?m=$1 [QSA]
DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName mysite.foo.bar
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/src/
<Directory /var/www/html/src/>
Require all granted
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?m=$1 [QSA]
DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>
SSLCertificateFile /etc/foo/bar/fullchain.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/foo/bar/privkey.pem
Include /etc/foo/options-ssl-apache.conf
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>    

并且，使用shell脚本，我想将其更改为:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName mysite.foo.bar
Redirect permanent / https://mysite.foo.bar/
</VirtualHost>
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName mysite.foo.bar
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/src/
<Directory /var/www/html/src/>
Require all granted
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?m=$1 [QSA]
DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>

SSLCertificateFile /etc/foo/bar/fullchain.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/foo/bar/privkey.pem
Include /etc/foo/options-ssl-apache.conf
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

换句话说，我想将端口80上的所有流量重定向到端口443，但我需要在我的进程中自动进行此更改。

Answer 1

使用GNUsed:

sed -E '
/^s*<VirtualHosts.*:80>s*$/,/^s*</VirtualHost>s*$/{
/^s*</?VirtualHost.*>s*$/b
/^s*ServerNames+(S+).*/!d
s%%&n    Redirect permanent / https://1/%
}' virtualhost.conf

Answer 2

With awk:

awk 'BEGIN { mark=1 } /^<VirtualHost *:80>/ { print;printf "tServerName mysite.foo.barntRedirect permanent / https://mysite.foo.bar/n";mark=0;next } /</VirtualHost>/ { mark=1 }mark' file

解释:

awk 'BEGIN { 
mark=1                                                        # Set a print marker (mark) to 1 before file processing
} 
/^<VirtualHost *:80>/ {                                                  # Process when we see a Virtual Host on 80
print;                                                         # Print the line
printf "tServerName mysite.foo.barntRedirect permanent / https://mysite.foo.bar/n";                                                          # Print the additional text
mark=0;                                                        # Set print marker to 0
next                                                           # Skip to the next line
} 
/</VirtualHost>/ {                                                      # Process when we see a closing Virtual Host tag
mark=1                                                         # Set print marker to 1
}mark' file                                                        # Use print marker to distinguish what should and shouldn't print