Django模型条件验证

Question

我已经制作了一个api，客户在该api上通过发布请求发送他/她的付款详细信息，因此需要在模型级别验证这些数据。我如何通过将模型字段与其他模型字段进行比较来验证模型字段。例如：

models.py
Orders(models.Model):
amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=19, decimal_places=4)
currency = models.CharField(max_length=3,choices=[('INR','INR')]) more choices are to be added 
payee_pan = models.CharField(max_length=10)

需要验证：如果货币为"INR"且金额大于50000，则必须存在payee_pan。为了验证它，我使用model.full_clean((，同时将模型对象保存在views.py 中

views.py
try:
orders.full_clean()
except ValidationError:
return Response({"Error message":"invalid request body"})
else:
orders.save()

我真的很感激有人能帮我，因为我在这一点上坚持了这么久。enter code here

Answer 1

from django.db import models
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

class Orders(models.Model):
amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=19, decimal_places=4)
currency = models.CharField(max_length=3, choices=[('INR','INR')]) # more choices are to be added 
payee_pan = models.CharField(max_length=10)
class Meta:
verbose_name = "Order"
verbose_name_plural = "Orders"
def clean(self):
if self.currency == 'INR' and self.amount > 50000 and not self.payee_pan:
raise ValidationError(
{"payee_pan": "Payee Pan field is required"}
)

def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.full_clean()
return super().save(*args, **kwargs)

您可以删除视图中的try-except块。调用save((方法将调用引擎盖下的full_clean((方法，该方法将调用任何验证挂钩。

Answer 2

您可以通过覆盖模型上的clean方法来执行此类验证(参考验证对象[Django-docs](：

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _

class Orders(models.Model):
amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=19, decimal_places=4)
currency = models.CharField(max_length=3,choices=[('INR','INR')])
payee_pan = models.CharField(max_length=10)

def clean(self):
if self.currency == 'INR' and self.amount > 50000 and not self.payee_pan:
raise ValidationError(_('Payee Pan is required'))

注意：理想情况下，模型名称应该是单数(如果检查模型的详细名称复数，则最终为Orderss当前具有额外的s(。因此，它应该是Order，而不是Orders。