Display Array User Input from Function

Question

这是我目前的代码。这是一个彩票游戏，我得到用户输入7个数字，不允许重复(同样的随机生成)。我需要在LOTTO结果和中奖号码旁边的主窗口末尾显示用户的号码和中奖随机数。

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void getLottoPicks(int userNums[], int size);
void genWinNums(int winNums[], int size);
int main()
{
const int size = 7;
int UserTicket[size];
int WinningNums[size];
char selection;
string name;
do
{
cout << "LITTLETON CITY LOTTO MODEL: " << endl;
cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
cout << "1) Play Lotto" << endl;
cout << "q) Quit Program" << endl;
cout << "Please make a selection : " << endl;
cin >> selection;
if (selection == '1')
{
cout << "Please enter your name: " << endl;
cin.ignore();
getline(cin, name);
getLottoPicks(UserTicket, size);
genWinNums(WinningNums, size);
cout << name << "'s LOTTO RESULTS" << endl;
cout << "----------------------" << endl;
cout << "WINNING TICKET NUMBERS : " << endl;
cout << name << "'s TICKET       : " << endl;
}
else if (selection == 'q')
{
cout << "You have chosen to quit the program. Thank you for using!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "Invalid selection. Please try again." << endl;
}
} while (selection != 'q');
return 0;
}
void getLottoPicks(int userNums[], int size)
{
for (int times = 0; times < size; times++)
{
int input;
cout << "selection #" << times + 1 << ": " << endl;
cin >> input;
bool isNotDuplicate = true;
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
{
if (userNums[i] == input)
{
isNotDuplicate = false;
}
}
if (isNotDuplicate == true)
{
userNums[times] = input;
}   
else
{
cout << "You already picked this number. Please enter a different number: " << 
endl;
times--;
} 
}  
}
void genWinNums(int winNums[], int size)
{
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
for (int times = 0; times < size; times++)
{
int i;
bool isNotDuplicate = true;
while (isNotDuplicate)
{
isNotDuplicate = false;
i = 1 + rand() % 40;
for (int j = 0; j < times; j++)
{
if (i == winNums[j])
{
isNotDuplicate = true;
}
}
}
winNums[times] = i;
}
}

Answer 1

看来你可能是编程新手，所以这就是你的工作程序:

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void getLottoPicks(int userNums[], int size);
void genWinNums(int winNums[], int size);
int main()
{
const int size = 7;
int UserTicket[size];
int WinningNums[size];
char selection;
string name;
do
{
cout << "LITTLETON CITY LOTTO MODEL: " << endl;
cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
cout << "1) Play Lotto" << endl;
cout << "q) Quit Program" << endl;
cout << "Please make a selection : " << endl;
cin >> selection;
if (selection == '1')
{
cout << "Please enter your name: " << endl;
cin.ignore();
getline(cin, name);
getLottoPicks(UserTicket, size);
genWinNums(WinningNums, size);
cout << name << "'s LOTTO RESULTS" << endl;
cout << "----------------------" << endl;
cout << "WINNING TICKET NUMBERS : " << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
cout << WinningNums[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << name << "'s TICKET       : " << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
cout << UserTicket[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
else if (selection == 'q')
{
cout << "You have chosen to quit the program. Thank you for using!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "Invalid selection. Please try again." << endl;
}
} while (selection != 'q');
return 0;
}
void getLottoPicks(int userNums[], int size)
{
for (int times = 0; times < size; times++)
{
int input;
cout << "selection #" << times + 1 << ": " << endl;
cin >> input;
bool isNotDuplicate = true;
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++)
{
if (userNums[i] == input)
{
isNotDuplicate = false;
}
}
if (isNotDuplicate == true)
{
userNums[times] = input;
}
else
{
cout << "You already picked this number. Please enter a different number: " <<
endl;
times--;
}
}
}
void genWinNums(int winNums[], int size)
{
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
for (int times = 0; times < size; times++)
{
int i;
bool isNotDuplicate = true;
while (isNotDuplicate)
{
isNotDuplicate = false;
i = 1 + rand() % 40;
for (int j = 0; j < times; j++)
{
if (i == winNums[j])
{
isNotDuplicate = true;
}
}
}
winNums[times] = i;
}
}

可以看到，循环遍历数组非常容易。如果你想了解更多关于数组的信息，可以看看这个

Answer 2

大多数示例显示"classic"c++，而不是更现代的变体。这是我对你的代码的看法:

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
// compile time constant, in many C++ examples this is done with a #define/MACRO
constexpr int number_of_lotto_numbers = 7; 
constexpr char play_lotto_char = '1';       
constexpr char quit_lotto_char = 'q';
// use std::array instead of int values[]; since this has automatic bound checking!
// no reading/writing beyond array limits is allowed
// I use, using here to make code a bit more readable further down the line
// it lets code show intent instead of implementation
using lotto_numbers_t = std::array<int, number_of_lotto_numbers>;
// do not return arrays by passing arguments, just return an array
// don't worry about this making extra (class) copies c++ knows how to optimize this
lotto_numbers_t get_lotto_picks()
{
lotto_numbers_t lotto_numbers;
auto lotto_numbers_entered{ 0 };
while ( lotto_numbers_entered < number_of_lotto_numbers )
{
int input{ 0 };
std::cout << "selection #" << lotto_numbers_entered + 1 << ": " << std::endl;
std::cin >> input;
// use std::find for finding items in collections, if it finds the end of a collection then 
// the value is not found.
if (std::find(lotto_numbers.begin(), lotto_numbers.end(), input) == lotto_numbers.end())
{
// lotto number not found so add it
lotto_numbers[lotto_numbers_entered] = input;
lotto_numbers_entered++;
}
else
{
// lotto number already in array so do not add it but give a message
std::cout << "You already entered this number, try another number" << std::endl;
}
}
return lotto_numbers;
}
lotto_numbers_t generate_winning_numbers()
{
lotto_numbers_t lotto_numbers;
auto lotto_numbers_generated{ 0 };
std::srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
do
{
int new_number = (std::rand() % 40) + 1;
if (std::find(lotto_numbers.begin(), lotto_numbers.end(), new_number) == lotto_numbers.end())
{
// number not yet found
lotto_numbers[lotto_numbers_generated] = new_number;
lotto_numbers_generated++;
}
} while (lotto_numbers_generated < number_of_lotto_numbers);
return lotto_numbers;
}
void play_lotto()
{
char selection{ 0 };    // always initialize variables!
std::string name;
do
{
std::cout << "LITTLETON CITY LOTTO MODEL: " << std::endl;
std::cout << "---------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "1) Play Lotto" << std::endl;
std::cout << "q) Quit Program" << std::endl;
std::cout << "Please make a selection : " << std::endl;

std::cin >> selection;
if (selection == play_lotto_char)
{
std::cout << "Please enter your name: " << std::endl;
std::cin.ignore();
std::getline(std::cin, name);
auto picked_numbers = get_lotto_picks();
auto winning_numbers = generate_winning_numbers();

std::cout << name << "'s LOTTO RESULTS" << std::endl;
std::cout << "----------------------" << std::endl;
std::cout << "WINNING TICKET NUMBERS : " << std::endl;

for (const auto number : winning_numbers)
{
std::cout << number << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << name << "'s TICKET       : " << std::endl;
for (const auto number : picked_numbers)
{
std::cout << number << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
if (picked_numbers == winning_numbers)
{
std::cout << "you have won!" << std::endl;
}
}
else if (selection == quit_lotto_char)
{
std::cout << "You have chosen to quit the program. Thank you for using!" << std::endl;
}
else
{
std::cout << "Invalid selection. Please try again." << std::endl;
}
} while (selection != quit_lotto_char);
}

如果你有任何关于这段代码的问题，请不要犹豫:)