在QFileDialog中预先选择多个文件

Question

选择文件"对话框显示，我想在一个项目中预先选择已经配置为"一部分的文件;，因此用户可以选择新的文件或取消选择现有的(即以前选择的)文件。

这个答案表明多重选择应该是可能的。

对于这个MRE，请制作3个文件并将它们放在合适的ref_dir:

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
import sys
class Window(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('Test', self)
self.button.clicked.connect(self.handle_button)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
layout.addWidget(self.button)
def handle_button(self):
options = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Options()
options |= QtWidgets.QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog
ref_dir = 'D:\temp'
files_list = ['file1.txt', 'file2.txt', 'file3.txt']
fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(None, 'Choose project files', ref_dir, '(*.txt)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setOptions(options)
# fd.setVisible(True)
for file in files_list:
print(f'selecting file |{file}|')
fd.selectFile(file)
string_list = fd.exec()
print(f'string list {string_list}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

不幸的是，尽管ExistingFiles已被选择为文件模式，我发现只有最后选择的文件具有选择…但我希望在对话框显示时，这三个都被选中。

我试着用setVisible试验，看看在对话框显示后是否可以以某种方式实现多重选择，但这不起作用。

Answer 1

由于使用了非本机文件对话框，我们可以访问它的子部件来控制它的行为。

起初我想使用项目视图的选择模型，但这不会更新行编辑，它负责检查文件是否存在并在这种情况下启用Ok按钮;考虑到这一点，显而易见的解决方案是直接更新行编辑:

def handle_button(self):
# ...
existing = []
for file in files_list:
if fd.directory().exists(file):
existing.append('"{}"'.format(file))
lineEdit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
lineEdit.setText(' '.join(existing))
if fd.exec():
print('string list {}'.format(fd.selectedFiles()))

这种方法的唯一缺点是不发送fileSelected和filesSelected信号。

Answer 2

Musicamante的回答非常非常有帮助，特别是表明选择实际上是通过用路径字符串填充QLE触发的。

但事实上，当目的如我所述时，有一个致命的缺陷:不幸的是，如果您试图取消选择目录中最终选定的文件，实际上这个名称是而不是然后从QLE中删除。事实上，如果QLE设置为空白，则会禁用"选择"。按钮。所有这些都是经过设计的:QFileDialog的功能是或者";open"或者"保存"，而不是"修改"。

但我确实找到了一个解决方案，其中包括找到列出目录中的文件的QListView，然后在其选择模型上使用信号。

另一件事是当您更改目录时发生的事情:显然，您希望根据在该目录中找到(或未找到)的项目文件更新选择。事实上，我已经改变了"选择"的文本按钮，显示"修改"。是游戏的名称。

fd = QtWidgets.QFileDialog(app.get_main_window(), 'Modify project files', start_directory, '(*.docx)')
fd.setFileMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.ExistingFiles)
fd.setViewMode(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.List)
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Reject, '&Cancel')
fd.setLabelText(QtWidgets.QFileDialog.Accept, '&Modify')
fd.setOptions(options)
file_name_line_edit = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QLineEdit, 'fileNameEdit')
list_view = fd.findChild(QtWidgets.QListView, 'listView')
# utility to cope with all permutations of backslashes and forward slashes in path strings:
def split_file_path_str(path_str):
dir_path_str, filename = ntpath.split(path_str)
return dir_path_str, (filename or ntpath.basename(dir_path_str))
fd.displayed_dir = None
sel_model = list_view.selectionModel()
def sel_changed():
if not fd.displayed_dir:
return
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir = []
sel_col_0s = sel_model.selectedRows()
for sel_col_0 in sel_col_0s:
file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, sel_col_0.data())
selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
already_included = file_path_str in self.files_list
if not already_included:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)

# now find if there are any project files which are now NOT selected
for project_file_path_str in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_path_str not in selected_file_paths_in_shown_dir:
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.remove(project_file_path_str)

sel_model.selectionChanged.connect(sel_changed)
def file_dlg_dir_entered(displayed_dir):
displayed_dir = os.path.normpath(displayed_dir)

# this is set to None to prevent unwanted selection processing triggered by setText(...) below 
fd.displayed_dir = None

fd.project_files_in_shown_dir = []
existing = []
for file_path_str in self.files_list:
dir_path_str, filename = split_file_path_str(file_path_str)
if dir_path_str == displayed_dir:     
existing.append(f'"{file_path_str}"')
fd.project_files_in_shown_dir.append(file_path_str)
file_name_line_edit.setText(' '.join(existing))            
fd.displayed_dir = displayed_dir

fd.directoryEntered.connect(file_dlg_dir_entered)
# set the initially displayed directory...
file_dlg_dir_entered(start_directory)
if fd.exec():
# for each file, if not present in self.files_list, add to files list and make self dirty
for project_file_in_shown_dir in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
if project_file_in_shown_dir not in self.files_list:
self.files_list.append(project_file_in_shown_dir)
# also add to list widget...
app.get_main_window().ui.files_list.addItem(project_file_in_shown_dir)
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()

# but we also have to make sure that a file has not been UNselected...
docx_files_in_start_dir = [f for f in os.listdir(fd.displayed_dir) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, f)) and os.path.splitext(f)[1] == '.docx' ]
for docx_file_in_start_dir in docx_files_in_start_dir:
docx_file_path_str = os.path.join(fd.displayed_dir, docx_file_in_start_dir)
if docx_file_path_str in self.files_list and docx_file_path_str not in fd.project_files_in_shown_dir:
self.files_list.remove(docx_file_path_str)
list_widget = app.get_main_window().ui.files_list
item_for_removal = list_widget.findItems(docx_file_path_str, QtCore.Qt.MatchExactly)[0]
list_widget.takeItem(list_widget.row(item_for_removal))
if not self.is_dirty():
self.toggle_dirty()

Answer 3

经过几个小时的尝试，这里是一个非常好的方法，可以在QFileDialog中以编程方式预先选择多个文件:

from pathlib import Path
from PyQt5.QtCore import QItemSelectionModel
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialog, QListView
p_files = Path('/path/to/your/files')
dlg = QFileDialog(
directory=str(p_files),
options=QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog)
# get QListView which controls item selection
file_view = dlg.findChild(QListView, 'listView')
# filter files which we want to select based on any condition (eg only .txt files)
# anything will work here as long as you get a list of Path objects or just str filepaths
sel_files = [p for p in p_files.iterdir() if p.suffix == '.txt']
# get selection model (QItemSelectionModel)
sel_model = file_view.selectionModel()
for p in sel_files:
# get idx (QModelIndex) from model() (QFileSystemModel) using str of Path obj
idx = sel_model.model().index(str(p))
# set the active selection using each QModelIndex
# IMPORTANT - need to include the selection type
# see dir(QItemSelectionModel) for all options
sel_model.select(idx, QItemSelectionModel.Select | QItemSelectionModel.Rows)
dlg.exec_()
dlg.selectedFiles()
>>> ['list.txt', 'of.txt', 'selected.txt', 'files.txt']