我在海军陆战队，我试图使一个数据库来管理与MS访问和SharePoint列表的军械库。我需要在他们向我报到时添加新成员，这样我就可以立即为他们分配武器。手动输入他们的信息很酷，但是他们有一个CAC/智能卡，上面有所有这些信息，我想看看我是否可以自动化这一步。
有一个ActivClient代理应用程序，我可以打开并看到我所有的信息。有一节叫做"我的个人信息"有两个选项卡，我想要得到的数据(名字，中间，最后，分支，排名，EDIPI)。我最近了解到VBA可以使用Windows api(我也刚刚了解到这些存在)。我遇到的问题是如何使用安装在政府计算机上的资源来访问CAC信息。我们无法在这些计算机上下载任何工具或库，它们必须已经安装。
我发现wincard .h有一些函数看起来很有用，但是我不知道如何使用它们。我可以使用wincard .h函数访问和读取连接到我的计算机的第二个CAC的数据吗?我是否应该找到一种不同的方法，比如制作我自己的.dll，它的功能可以完成我对卡的所有需要?我学编程已经有一段时间了，但是当涉及到像这样的小众话题时，我不确定如何以最好的方式解决问题。
步骤通常是:用户使用CAC登录到计算机，打开Access数据库，导航到登记表单，将新加入的卡插入到第二个读卡器中，以某种方式从卡中获取数据，用新数据自动填充表单，然后完成我让它做的任何事情。我所坚持的步骤是严格地从卡中获取数据。操作系统:仅限Windows 10
软件:MS Access 32位和64位
硬件:任何智能卡阅读器。我打算把这个软件分享给很多人，除了政府的电脑，他们没有同样的设备。大多数计算机都有内置阅读器，有时它们可能有独立的阅读器或带有内置阅读器的键盘。
或者，用扫描仪扫描卡上的条形码会更容易吗?我相信条形码会有我需要的相同信息。直到我能得到批准使用扫描仪，我仍然想尝试使用第二种智能卡读卡器方法，因为这是我现在拥有的。可以用ActivClient或其资源做任何事情吗?它使用ac.scapi.scmd.dll、acpkcs211.dll、acbsi21.dll和acpiapap .dll。我找不到这些东西的文档。似乎它们中的一个或所有都可以以某种方式用于获取我想要的数据。
编辑:
我遵循了评论中分享的一些链接，并编写了以下代码:
Option Explicit
Option Compare Database
Public AuthDict As Scripting.Dictionary
Public Const SCARD_SCOPE_USER As Long = &H0
Public Const SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM As Long = &H2
Public Const SCARD_SHARE_SHARED As Long = &H2
Public Const SCARD_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE As Long = &H1
Public Const SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT As Long = &H3
Public Const SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 As Long = &H1
Public Const SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1 As Long = &H2
Public Const SCARD_DEFAULT_READERS As String = "SCard$DefaultReaders 00"
Public Const SCARD_ALL_READERS As String = "SCard$AllReaders 00"
Public Declare PtrSafe Function SCardEstablishContext Lib "winscard.dll" ( _
ByVal dwScope As Long, _
ByVal pvReserved1 As LongPtr, _
ByVal pvReserved2 As LongPtr, _
ByRef phContext As LongPtr _
) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function SCardIsValidContext Lib "winscard.dll" ( _
ByVal hContext As LongPtr _
) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function SCardReleaseContext Lib "winscard.dll" ( _
ByVal hContext As LongPtr) As Long
Public Declare PtrSafe Function SCardConnectA Lib "winscard.dll" ( _
ByVal hContext As LongPtr, _
szReader As LongPtr, _
dwShareMode As LongPtr, _
dwPreferredProtocols As LongPtr, _
phCard As LongPtr, _
pdwActiveProtocol) As LongPtr
Public Function SCardAuthCode(lReturn As Long)
'Credit: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67199032/access-vba-and-smart-cards-whats-the-trick
AuthDict.RemoveAll
Dim hreturn As String, hc As String, hd As String
hreturn = "0x" & Right("0000000" & Hex(lReturn), 8)
Select Case hreturn
Case "0x00000000": hc = "SCARD_S_SUCCESS": hd = "No error was encountered."
Case "0x00000006": hc = "ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE": hd = "The handle is invalid."
Case "0x00000109": hc = "ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE": hd = "The client attempted a smart card operation in a remote session, such as a client session running on a terminal server, and the operating system in use does not support smart card redirection."
Case "0x80100001": hc = "SCARD_F_INTERNAL_ERROR": hd = "An internal consistency check failed."
Case "0x80100002": hc = "SCARD_E_CANCELLED": hd = "The action was canceled by an SCardCancel request."
Case "0x80100003": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE": hd = "The supplied handle was not valid."
Case "0x80100004": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER": hd = "One or more of the supplied parameters could not be properly interpreted."
Case "0x80100005": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_TARGET": hd = "Registry startup information is missing or not valid."
Case "0x80100006": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY": hd = "Not enough memory available to complete this command."
Case "0x80100007": hc = "SCARD_F_WAITED_TOO_LONG": hd = "An internal consistency timer has expired."
Case "0x80100008": hc = "SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER": hd = "The data buffer for returned data is too small for the returned data."
Case "0x80100009": hc = "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_READER": hd = "The specified reader name is not recognized."
Case "0x8010000A": hc = "SCARD_E_TIMEOUT": hd = "The user-specified time-out value has expired."
Case "0x8010000B": hc = "SCARD_E_SHARING_VIOLATION": hd = "The smart card cannot be accessed because of other outstanding connections."
Case "0x8010000C": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_SMARTCARD": hd = "The operation requires a smart card, but no smart card is currently in the device."
Case "0x8010000D": hc = "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_CARD": hd = "The specified smart card name is not recognized."
Case "0x8010000E": hc = "SCARD_E_CANT_DISPOSE": hd = "The system could not dispose of the media in the requested manner."
Case "0x8010000F": hc = "SCARD_E_PROTO_MISMATCH": hd = "The requested protocols are incompatible with the protocol currently in use with the card."
Case "0x80100010": hc = "SCARD_E_NOT_READY": hd = "The reader or card is not ready to accept commands."
Case "0x80100011": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE": hd = "One or more of the supplied parameter values could not be properly interpreted."
Case "0x80100012": hc = "SCARD_E_SYSTEM_CANCELLED": hd = "The action was canceled by the system, presumably to log off or shut down."
Case "0x80100013": hc = "SCARD_F_COMM_ERROR": hd = "An internal communications error has been detected."
Case "0x80100014": hc = "SCARD_F_UNKNOWN_ERROR": hd = "An internal error has been detected, but the source is unknown."
Case "0x80100015": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_ATR": hd = "An ATR string obtained from the registry is not a valid ATR string."
Case "0x80100016": hc = "SCARD_E_NOT_TRANSACTED": hd = "An attempt was made to end a nonexistent transaction."
Case "0x80100017": hc = "SCARD_E_READER_UNAVAILABLE": hd = "The specified reader is not currently available for use."
Case "0x80100018": hc = "SCARD_P_SHUTDOWN": hd = "The operation has been aborted to allow the server application to exit."
Case "0x80100019": hc = "SCARD_E_PCI_TOO_SMALL": hd = "The PCI receive buffer was too small."
Case "0x8010001A": hc = "SCARD_E_READER_UNSUPPORTED": hd = "The reader driver does not meet minimal requirements for support."
Case "0x8010001B": hc = "SCARD_E_DUPLICATE_READER": hd = "The reader driver did not produce a unique reader name."
Case "0x8010001C": hc = "SCARD_E_CARD_UNSUPPORTED": hd = "The smart card does not meet minimal requirements for support."
Case "0x8010001D": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE": hd = "The smart card resource manager is not running."
Case "0x8010001E": hc = "SCARD_E_SERVICE_STOPPED": hd = "The smart card resource manager has shut down."
Case "0x8010001F": hc = "SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED": hd = "An unexpected card error has occurred."
Case "0x80100020": hc = "SCARD_E_ICC_INSTALLATION": hd = "No primary provider can be found for the smart card."
Case "0x80100021": hc = "SCARD_E_ICC_CREATEORDER": hd = "The requested order of object creation is not supported."
Case "0x80100022": hc = "SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE": hd = "This smart card does not support the requested feature."
Case "0x80100023": hc = "SCARD_E_DIR_NOT_FOUND": hd = "The specified directory does not exist in the smart card."
Case "0x80100024": hc = "SCARD_E_FILE_NOT_FOUND": hd = "The specified file does not exist in the smart card."
Case "0x80100025": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_DIR": hd = "The supplied path does not represent a smart card directory."
Case "0x80100026": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_FILE": hd = "The supplied path does not represent a smart card file."
Case "0x80100027": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_ACCESS": hd = "Access is denied to the file."
Case "0x80100028": hc = "SCARD_E_WRITE_TOO_MANY": hd = "An attempt was made to write more data than would fit in the target object."
Case "0x80100029": hc = "SCARD_E_BAD_SEEK": hd = "An error occurred in setting the smart card file object pointer."
Case "0x8010002A": hc = "SCARD_E_INVALID_CHV": hd = "The supplied PIN is incorrect."
Case "0x8010002B": hc = "SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_RES_MNG": hd = "An unrecognized error code was returned."
Case "0x8010002C": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_SUCH_CERTIFICATE": hd = "The requested certificate does not exist."
Case "0x8010002D": hc = "SCARD_E_CERTIFICATE_UNAVAILABLE": hd = "The requested certificate could not be obtained."
Case "0x8010002E": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_READERS_AVAILABLE": hd = "No smart card reader is available."
Case "0x8010002F": hc = "SCARD_E_COMM_DATA_LOST": hd = "A communications error with the smart card has been detected."
Case "0x80100030": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_KEY_CONTAINER": hd = "The requested key container does not exist on the smart card."
Case "0x80100031": hc = "SCARD_E_SERVER_TOO_BUSY": hd = "The smart card resource manager is too busy to complete this operation."
Case "0x80100032": hc = "SCARD_E_PIN_CACHE_EXPIRED": hd = "The smart card PIN cache has expired."
Case "0x80100033": hc = "SCARD_E_NO_PIN_CACHE": hd = "The smart card PIN cannot be cached."
Case "0x80100034": hc = "SCARD_E_READ_ONLY_CARD": hd = "The smart card is read-only and cannot be written to."
Case "0x80100065": hc = "SCARD_W_UNSUPPORTED_CARD": hd = "The reader cannot communicate with the card, due to ATR string configuration conflicts."
Case "0x80100066": hc = "SCARD_W_UNRESPONSIVE_CARD": hd = "The smart card is not responding to a reset."
Case "0x80100067": hc = "SCARD_W_UNPOWERED_CARD": hd = "Power has been removed from the smart card, so that further communication is not possible."
Case "0x80100068": hc = "SCARD_W_RESET_CARD": hd = "The smart card was reset."
Case "0x80100069": hc = "SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD": hd = "The smart card has been removed, so further communication is not possible."
Case "0x8010006A": hc = "SCARD_W_SECURITY_VIOLATION": hd = "Access was denied because of a security violation."
Case "0x8010006B": hc = "SCARD_W_WRONG_CHV": hd = "The card cannot be accessed because the wrong PIN was presented."
Case "0x8010006C": hc = "SCARD_W_CHV_BLOCKED": hd = "The card cannot be accessed because the maximum number of PIN entry attempts has been reached."
Case "0x8010006D": hc = "SCARD_W_EOF": hd = "The end of the smart card file has been reached."
Case "0x8010006E": hc = "SCARD_W_CANCELLED_BY_USER": hd = "The action was canceled by the user."
Case "0x8010006F": hc = "SCARD_W_CARD_NOT_AUTHENTICATED": hd = "No PIN was presented to the smart card."
Case "0x80100070": hc = "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_NOT_FOUND": hd = "The requested item could not be found in the cache."
Case "0x80100071": hc = "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_STALE": hd = "The requested cache item is too old and was deleted from the cache."
Case "0x80100072": hc = "SCARD_W_CACHE_ITEM_TOO_BIG": hd = "The new cache item exceeds the maximum per-item size defined for the cache."
Case Else: hc = "UNKNOWN VALUE": hd = "Unknown value."
End Select
AuthDict.Add "hr", hreturn
AuthDict.Add "hc", hc
AuthDict.Add "hd", hd
End Function
Public Sub GetContext()
'https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/secauthn/authentication-return-values?redirectedfrom=MSDN#smart_card_return_values
'https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/debug/system-error-codes--0-499-?redirectedfrom=MSDN
'Credit: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67199032/access-vba-and-smart-cards-whats-the-trick
'TODO: Finish SCardConnectA
Dim lReturn As Long
Dim RSVD1 As Long, RSVD2 As Long
Dim myContext, cardCon As LongPtr
Set AuthDict = New Scripting.Dictionary
Debug.Print "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------"
lReturn = SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_USER, RSVD1, RSVD2, myContext)
SCardAuthCode lReturn
Debug.Print "SCardEstablishContext:" & vbCrLf & _
" Return = " & AuthDict("hr") & vbCrLf & _
" Value = " & AuthDict("hc") & vbCrLf & _
" Description = " & AuthDict("hd") & vbCrLf
lReturn = SCardIsValidContext(myContext)
SCardAuthCode lReturn
Debug.Print "SCardIsValidContext:" & vbCrLf & _
" Return = " & AuthDict("hr") & vbCrLf & _
" Value = " & AuthDict("hc") & vbCrLf & _
" Description = " & AuthDict("hd") & vbCrLf
If lReturn <> 0 Then GoTo GetContextExit
GetContextExit:
Debug.Print "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" & vbCrLf
SCardReleaseContext myContext
Exit Sub
ErrorHandler:
'TODO: handle the errors...
Resume GetContextExit
End Sub
我不确定
的意义是什么Public Type SCARDCONTEXT
CardContext1 As Long
ReaderName As String
End Type
在我所遵循的代码中。它给我带来了错误，所以我把它删除了。代码输出
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SCardEstablishContext:
Return = 0x00000000
Value = SCARD_S_SUCCESS
Description = No error was encountered.
SCardIsValidContext:
Return = 0x00000000
Value = SCARD_S_SUCCESS
Description = No error was encountered.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
我不太确定下一步该做什么。现在看来，我需要识别CAC的名称，我想从(GetOpenCardNameA?)的数据，连接到它(SCardConnectA)，然后使用SCardTransmit从卡接收数据?我不确定这是否是这些功能的工作方式。
不能100%确定您是否可以像这样提取CAC信息，但我确实知道大多数空军CTK程序使用具有CAC功能的TCMax，并且您可以100%将其设置为军械库使用并以这种方式生成excel状态跟踪器和武器分配。我建议你和你的COMM谈谈TCMax，因为它是国防部使用的程序。