python在n个元素之后对json进行排序

Question

我有一个json/dict，格式如下：

{
"top": 590,
"left": 105, 
"width": 240, 
"height": 40,
"Zarya": "142612a11ad2ca629d2182a51b23d1f2",
"Kiriko": "4d0528271fd9d0104cd2af0b1c91f4f6",
"Echo": "175b9c62c57b0d6e18577f352fad4afc",
"Sojourn": "8ea40548f4472457cfbd46731958a432",
"Sombra": "319e88daf8a4b53869c6690cd008ebb0",
"Genji": "b5a7156b9a1921099a884e62f2f7c774",
"Reaper": "309527687ec1e89f63cfece162c57a66",
"Ana": "556e9f3ff210729dc9e1cf848c3c579f",
"Hanzo": "13d164a4f37fd7562b53ede9f5fd2671",
"Lucio": "d772ddc7e982cd6d714d0a19753c8b32",
"Torbjorn": "4fdf46b32b3435c714da7a75ba0ccde2",
"Junkrat": "be29c9729daf9e46606ffa26638641ea",
"Moira": "0b54634e09e4d108ca248e4e967d15a1",
"Mei": "90391ff04b11c73e49c48f9b2738d1b0",
"Dva": "859012ee744e79a630522190ef8ef92c",
"Soldier 76": "adbd70e889fe6135f372dbd28b7ae5e6",
"Winston": "1c4245a79b45f1a0b90e78383078cdd3",
"Tracer": "b5465050c403b020aac35da073d4ab11",
"Zenyatta": "dccc24bfe5d7b09df7b1387d4c8dfba7",
"Baptiste": "4d254bc437560ac21780732fc78ffa08",
"Sigma": "3c85376aee36a901bcbf24b07cf60aa2",
"Widowmaker": "049092cbd628a54ed22ae5522ca5681c",
"Orisa": "113acca96744081964854bd94191310a",
"Ashe": "48ca311fb1b288bb811965e6d84d1786"
}

我想按键的字母顺序对top, left, width, height之后的所有内容进行排序，同时将前4个键保留在开头。我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

假设您使用的是Python 3.7+，则可以使用(dct是问题中的字典(：

items = list(dct.items())
out = dict(items[:4] + sorted(items[4:]))
print(out)

打印：

{
"top": 590,
"left": 105,
"width": 240,
"height": 40,
"Ana": "556e9f3ff210729dc9e1cf848c3c579f",
"Ashe": "48ca311fb1b288bb811965e6d84d1786",
"Baptiste": "4d254bc437560ac21780732fc78ffa08",
"Dva": "859012ee744e79a630522190ef8ef92c",
"Echo": "175b9c62c57b0d6e18577f352fad4afc",
"Genji": "b5a7156b9a1921099a884e62f2f7c774",
"Hanzo": "13d164a4f37fd7562b53ede9f5fd2671",
"Junkrat": "be29c9729daf9e46606ffa26638641ea",
"Kiriko": "4d0528271fd9d0104cd2af0b1c91f4f6",
"Lucio": "d772ddc7e982cd6d714d0a19753c8b32",
"Mei": "90391ff04b11c73e49c48f9b2738d1b0",
"Moira": "0b54634e09e4d108ca248e4e967d15a1",
"Orisa": "113acca96744081964854bd94191310a",
"Reaper": "309527687ec1e89f63cfece162c57a66",
"Sigma": "3c85376aee36a901bcbf24b07cf60aa2",
"Sojourn": "8ea40548f4472457cfbd46731958a432",
"Soldier 76": "adbd70e889fe6135f372dbd28b7ae5e6",
"Sombra": "319e88daf8a4b53869c6690cd008ebb0",
"Torbjorn": "4fdf46b32b3435c714da7a75ba0ccde2",
"Tracer": "b5465050c403b020aac35da073d4ab11",
"Widowmaker": "049092cbd628a54ed22ae5522ca5681c",
"Winston": "1c4245a79b45f1a0b90e78383078cdd3",
"Zarya": "142612a11ad2ca629d2182a51b23d1f2",
"Zenyatta": "dccc24bfe5d7b09df7b1387d4c8dfba7",
}

Answer 2

data = {
"top": 590,
"left": 105, 
"width": 240, 
"height": 40,
"Zarya": "142612a11ad2ca629d2182a51b23d1f2",
"Kiriko": "4d0528271fd9d0104cd2af0b1c91f4f6",
"Echo": "175b9c62c57b0d6e18577f352fad4afc",
"Sojourn": "8ea40548f4472457cfbd46731958a432",
"Sombra": "319e88daf8a4b53869c6690cd008ebb0",
"Genji": "b5a7156b9a1921099a884e62f2f7c774",
"Reaper": "309527687ec1e89f63cfece162c57a66",
"Ana": "556e9f3ff210729dc9e1cf848c3c579f",
"Hanzo": "13d164a4f37fd7562b53ede9f5fd2671",
"Lucio": "d772ddc7e982cd6d714d0a19753c8b32",
"Torbjorn": "4fdf46b32b3435c714da7a75ba0ccde2",
"Junkrat": "be29c9729daf9e46606ffa26638641ea",
"Moira": "0b54634e09e4d108ca248e4e967d15a1",
"Mei": "90391ff04b11c73e49c48f9b2738d1b0",
"Dva": "859012ee744e79a630522190ef8ef92c",
"Soldier 76": "adbd70e889fe6135f372dbd28b7ae5e6",
"Winston": "1c4245a79b45f1a0b90e78383078cdd3",
"Tracer": "b5465050c403b020aac35da073d4ab11",
"Zenyatta": "dccc24bfe5d7b09df7b1387d4c8dfba7",
"Baptiste": "4d254bc437560ac21780732fc78ffa08",
"Sigma": "3c85376aee36a901bcbf24b07cf60aa2",
"Widowmaker": "049092cbd628a54ed22ae5522ca5681c",
"Orisa": "113acca96744081964854bd94191310a",
"Ashe": "48ca311fb1b288bb811965e6d84d1786"
}
keys = ['top', 'left', 'width', 'height']

使用以下关键字创建字典：

data2 = {k: data[k] for k in keys}
# {'left': 105, 'width': 240, 'height': 40, 'top': 590}

获取所有其他密钥：

keys2 = list(data.keys() - list(keys))
# ['Ana', 'Baptiste', 'Zarya', 'Tracer', 'Zenyatta', 'Sigma', 'Dva', 'Torbjorn', 'Mei', 'Orisa', 'Sombra', 'Winston', 'Kiriko', 'Soldier 76', 'Sojourn', 'Ashe', 'Lucio', 'Reaper', 'Moira', 'Widowmaker', 'Junkrat', 'Genji', 'Echo', 'Hanzo']

排序：

keys2.sort()
# ['Ana', 'Ashe', 'Baptiste', 'Dva', 'Echo', 'Genji', 'Hanzo', 'Junkrat', 'Kiriko', 'Lucio', 'Mei', 'Moira', 'Orisa', 'Reaper', 'Sigma', 'Sojourn', 'Soldier 76', 'Sombra', 'Torbjorn', 'Tracer', 'Widowmaker', 'Winston', 'Zarya', 'Zenyatta']

然后更新data2:

data2.update({k: data[k] for k in keys2})
# {'left': 105, 'width': 240, 'height': 40, 'top': 590, 
#  'Ana': '556e9f3ff210729dc9e1cf848c3c579f', 'Ashe': '48ca311fb1b288bb811965e6d84d1786', 'Baptiste': '4d254bc437560ac21780732fc78ffa08', 'Dva': '859012ee744e79a630522190ef8ef92c', 'Echo': '175b9c62c57b0d6e18577f352fad4afc', 'Genji': 'b5a7156b9a1921099a884e62f2f7c774', 'Hanzo': '13d164a4f37fd7562b53ede9f5fd2671', 'Junkrat': 'be29c9729daf9e46606ffa26638641ea', 'Kiriko': '4d0528271fd9d0104cd2af0b1c91f4f6', 'Lucio': 'd772ddc7e982cd6d714d0a19753c8b32', 'Mei': '90391ff04b11c73e49c48f9b2738d1b0', 'Moira': '0b54634e09e4d108ca248e4e967d15a1', 'Orisa': '113acca96744081964854bd94191310a', 'Reaper': '309527687ec1e89f63cfece162c57a66', 'Sigma': '3c85376aee36a901bcbf24b07cf60aa2', 'Sojourn': '8ea40548f4472457cfbd46731958a432', 'Soldier 76': 'adbd70e889fe6135f372dbd28b7ae5e6', 'Sombra': '319e88daf8a4b53869c6690cd008ebb0', 'Torbjorn': '4fdf46b32b3435c714da7a75ba0ccde2', 'Tracer': 'b5465050c403b020aac35da073d4ab11', 'Widowmaker': '049092cbd628a54ed22ae5522ca5681c', 'Winston': '1c4245a79b45f1a0b90e78383078cdd3', 'Zarya': '142612a11ad2ca629d2182a51b23d1f2', 'Zenyatta': 'dccc24bfe5d7b09df7b1387d4c8dfba7'}

Answer 3

您最大的希望是通过组合另外两个字典来构建一个新的字典，一个已排序的字典和一个未排序的字典。

请注意，字典是可变的，因此在某些情况下，可能需要实际对原始字典d进行排序，而不是用新字典替换它。这可以使用clear()来完成，然后使用update来读取已排序的字典。

试试这个可运行的例子！

#!/usr/bin/env python
d = {
"top": 590,
"left": 105,
"width": 240,
"height": 40,
"Zarya": "142612a11ad2ca629d2182a51b23d1f2",
"Kiriko": "4d0528271fd9d0104cd2af0b1c91f4f6",
"Echo": "175b9c62c57b0d6e18577f352fad4afc",
"Sojourn": "8ea40548f4472457cfbd46731958a432",
"Sombra": "319e88daf8a4b53869c6690cd008ebb0",
"Genji": "b5a7156b9a1921099a884e62f2f7c774",
"Reaper": "309527687ec1e89f63cfece162c57a66",
"Ana": "556e9f3ff210729dc9e1cf848c3c579f",
"Hanzo": "13d164a4f37fd7562b53ede9f5fd2671",
"Lucio": "d772ddc7e982cd6d714d0a19753c8b32",
"Torbjorn": "4fdf46b32b3435c714da7a75ba0ccde2",
"Junkrat": "be29c9729daf9e46606ffa26638641ea",
"Moira": "0b54634e09e4d108ca248e4e967d15a1",
"Mei": "90391ff04b11c73e49c48f9b2738d1b0",
"Dva": "859012ee744e79a630522190ef8ef92c",
"Soldier 76": "adbd70e889fe6135f372dbd28b7ae5e6",
"Winston": "1c4245a79b45f1a0b90e78383078cdd3",
"Tracer": "b5465050c403b020aac35da073d4ab11",
"Zenyatta": "dccc24bfe5d7b09df7b1387d4c8dfba7",
"Baptiste": "4d254bc437560ac21780732fc78ffa08",
"Sigma": "3c85376aee36a901bcbf24b07cf60aa2",
"Widowmaker": "049092cbd628a54ed22ae5522ca5681c",
"Orisa": "113acca96744081964854bd94191310a",
"Ashe": "48ca311fb1b288bb811965e6d84d1786"
}
# first use a dictionary comprehension to construct a dictionary from only the first four keys
unsorted_part = {k: v for i, (k, v) in enumerate(d.items()) if i < 4}
# now make a dictionary of the sorted second half
items_to_sort = list(d.items())[4:]
sorted_part = dict(sorted(items_to_sort))
# now make a sorted dictionary
new_d = {**unsorted_part, **sorted_part}
# NOTE: if you don't have other references to d that you need to update implicitly as well,
# you could do d={**unsorted_part, **sorted_part}
# HOWEVER: if you do have other references to the original dictionary that you want sorted (i.e. d_ref2)
# you need to clear the original dictionary and re-add all the keys/values in the new order
d_ref2 = d
d.clear()
d.update(new_d)
# now print it out
import json
print(json.dumps(d, indent=2))

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