Python [pydantic] -日期验证

Question

我想有效的json输入日期为pydantic类，接下来，只需将文件注入Mongo。

日期类型的简单类

class CustomerBase(BaseModel):
birthdate: date = None

使用电机与Mongo一起工作

数据库配置:

from motor.motor_asyncio import AsyncIOMotorClient
DB = DB_CLIENT[CONF.get("databases", dict())["mongo"]["NAME"]]

8/03/2021 -更新:

我做了以下调试测试:首先打印这个类，看看它是如何保存的，然后尝试将它注入Mongo。

so输入:

{ "birthdate": "2021-03-05"}

路由:

@customers_router.post("/", response_model=dict)
async def add_customer(customer: CustomerBase):
print(customer.dict())
>> {'birthdate': datetime.date(2021, 3, 5)}
await DB.customer.insert_one(customer.dict())
return {"test":1}
>> 
File "./customers/routes.py", line 74, in add_customer
await DB.customer.insert_one(customer.dict())
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/concurrent/futures/thread.py", line 57, in run
result = self.fn(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 698, in insert_one
self._insert(document,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 613, in _insert
return self._insert_one(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 602, in _insert_one
self.__database.client._retryable_write(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1498, in _retryable_write
return self._retry_with_session(retryable, func, s, None)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1384, in _retry_with_session
return self._retry_internal(retryable, func, session, bulk)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1416, in _retry_internal
return func(session, sock_info, retryable)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 590, in _insert_command
result = sock_info.command(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/pool.py", line 699, in command
self._raise_connection_failure(error)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/pool.py", line 683, in command
return command(self, dbname, spec, slave_ok,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/network.py", line 120, in command
request_id, msg, size, max_doc_size = message._op_msg(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/message.py", line 714, in _op_msg
return _op_msg_uncompressed(
bson.errors.InvalidDocument: cannot encode object: datetime.date(2021, 3, 5), of type: <class 'datetime.date'>

问题:1.课堂上保存为生日的日期:datetime。日期(2021、3、5)这在意料之中吗?2.问题肯定来自:"‘DB.customer.insert_one (customer.dict ())"‘当我在类

中将日期类型更改为str时，它确实有效。更新09/03/2022:

按照Tom的建议:添加了decorator和parse_birthday函数。现在我可以把文件传送到蒙古语，但不能读取。

class CustomerBase(BaseModel):
birthdate: datetime.date
@validator("birthdate", pre=True)
def parse_birthdate(cls, value):
return datetime.datetime.strptime(
value,
"%d/%m/%Y"
).date()
def dict(self, *args, **kwargs) -> 'DictStrAny':
for_mongo = kwargs.pop('for_mongo', False)
d = super().dict(*args, **kwargs)
if for_mongo:
for k, v in d.items():
if isinstance(v, datetime.date):
d[k] = datetime.datetime(
year=v.year,
month=v.month,
day=v.day,
)
return d
class CustomerOnDB(CustomerBase):
id_: str

assign data (working):输入:{"birthdate"; "01/11/1978"}

@customers_router.post("/", response_model=dict )
async def add_customer(customer: CustomerBase):
customer_op = await DB.customer.insert_one(customer.dict(for_mongo=True))
if customer_op.inserted_id:
#customer_op.inserted_id -> is the str _id
await _get_customer_or_404(customer_op.inserted_id)
return { "id_": str(customer_op.inserted_id) }

当试图读取:

def validate_object_id(id_: str):
try:
_id = ObjectId(id_)
except Exception:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400)
return _id

@customers_router.get(
"/{id_}",
response_model=CustomerOnDB
)
async def get_customer_by_id(id_: ObjectId = Depends(validate_object_id)):
customer = await DB.customer.find_one({"_id": id_})
if customer:
customer["id_"] = str(customer["_id"])
return customer
else:
raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Customer not found")

得到:

File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/fastapi/routing.py", line 126, in serialize_response
raise ValidationError(errors, field.type_)
pydantic.error_wrappers.ValidationError: 1 validation error for CustomerOnDB
response -> 0 -> birthdate
strptime() argument 1 must be str, not datetime.datetime (type=type_error)

Answer 1

我不确定你的问题是什么，因为你的CustomerBase工作良好

{ "birthdate": "2021-03-05"}这个输入。

如果要解析%d/%m/%Y日期，请使用validator和pre参数进行解析。

class CustomerBase(BaseModel):
birthdate: date
@validator("birthdate", pre=True)
def parse_birthdate(cls, value):
return datetime.datetime.strptime(
value,
"%d/%m/%Y"
).date()

编辑:你添加了一条评论，提到了其他一些不像你期望的那样工作的东西。AFAIK蒙古不接受datetime.date。当转储为dict时，只需将其更改为datetime.datetime或将类型更改为datetime。

例子

import datetime
from pydantic.main import BaseModel

class CustomerBase(BaseModel):
birthdate: datetime.date
def dict(self, *args, **kwargs) -> 'DictStrAny':
d = super().dict(*args, **kwargs)
for k, v in d.items():
if isinstance(v, datetime.date):
d[k] = datetime.datetime(
year=v.year,
month=v.month,
day=v.day,
)
return d

如果您需要这两个功能

import datetime
from pydantic import validator
from pydantic.main import BaseModel

class CustomerBase(BaseModel):
birthdate: datetime.date
@validator("birthdate", pre=True)
def parse_birthdate(cls, value):
return datetime.datetime.strptime(
value,
"%d/%m/%Y"
).date()
def dict(self, *args, **kwargs) -> 'DictStrAny':
for_mongo = kwargs.pop('for_mongo', False)
d = super().dict(*args, **kwargs)
if for_mongo:
for k, v in d.items():
if isinstance(v, datetime.date):
d[k] = datetime.datetime(
year=v.year,
month=v.month,
day=v.day,
)
return d

>>> c = CustomerBase(**{"birthdate": "03/05/2021"})
>>> c.dict()
>>> {'birthdate': datetime.date(2021, 5, 3)}
>>> c.dict(for_mongo=True)
>>> {'birthdate': datetime.datetime(2021, 5, 3, 0, 0)}