Python套接字问题- connectionrefusederror: [WinError 10061]

Question

我想用python创建一个服务器-客户端聊天室，其中多个客户端可以在聊天框中发送消息。

服务器代码

import threading
import socket
#setting up the local host and the local port
host = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9879
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind((host, port)) #hosting the server to the host
server.listen() #server listen to incoming connection
#list for client and their nicknames
clients = []
nicknames = []
#broadcast method to send message to all the clients connected to the server
def broadcast(message):
for client in clients:
client.send(message)
def handle (client):
while True:
try:
message = client.recv(1024)
broadcast(message)
except: #if the connection is lost, discard the client
index = clients.index(client)
clients.remove(client)
client.close()
nickname = nicknames[index]
broadcast(f'{nickname} already left the chat!'.encode('ascii'))
nicknames.remove(nickname)
break
#function to receive connection
def receive():
while True:
client, address = server.accept()
print(f"Conncected with {str(address)}")
client.send('NICKNAME'.encode('ascii'))
nickname = client.recv(1024).decode('ascii')
nicknames.append(nickname)
clients.append(client)

print(f'The nickname of the client is {nickname}')
broadcast(f'{nickname} joined the chat!'.encode('ascii'))
client.send('Connected to the server!'.encode('ascii'))

#making thread for every client
thread = threading.Thread(target = handle, args = (client,))
thread.start()
print("Server is waiting for client...")

这是客户端代码

import socket
import threading 
#nickname prompt
nickname = input("Input your nickname: ")
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
#binding the client to the port
client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9879))
def receive():
while True:
try:
message = client.recv(1024).decode('ascii')
if message == 'NICKNAME':
client.send(nickname.encode('ascii'))
else:
print(message)
except:
print("An error occurred!")
client.close()
break
def write():
while True:
message = f'{nickname}: {input("")}'
client.send(message.encode('ascii'))
#making the thread
receive_thread = threading.Thread(target = receive)
receive_thread.start()
write_thread = threading.Thread(target = write)
write_thread.start()

但是，每当我在命令提示符中输入昵称时，就会出现错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:UsersmarchDocumentsProgrammingPyhtonclient.py", line 8, in <module>
client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9879))
ConnectionRefusedError: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it

我想知道是什么问题，因为服务器和客户端端口是相同的，端口是可用的。

Answer 1

在您的服务器代码中，您错过了对receive的调用函数，该函数运行while循环并使服务器处于接受连接状态。

代码变成

import threading
import socket
#setting up the local host and the local port
host = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9879
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind((host, port)) #hosting the server to the host
server.listen() #server listen to incoming connection
#list for client and their nicknames
clients = []
nicknames = []
#broadcast method to send message to all the clients connected to the server
def broadcast(message):
for client in clients:
client.send(message)
def handle (client):
while True:
try:
message = client.recv(1024)
broadcast(message)
except: #if the connection is lost, discard the client
index = clients.index(client)
clients.remove(client)
client.close()
nickname = nicknames[index]
broadcast(f'{nickname} already left the chat!'.encode('ascii'))
nicknames.remove(nickname)
break
#function to receive connection
def receive():
while True:
client, address = server.accept()
print(f"Conncected with {str(address)}")
client.send('NICKNAME'.encode('ascii'))
nickname = client.recv(1024).decode('ascii')
nicknames.append(nickname)
clients.append(client)

print(f'The nickname of the client is {nickname}')
broadcast(f'{nickname} joined the chat!'.encode('ascii'))
client.send('Connected to the server!'.encode('ascii'))

#making thread for every client
thread = threading.Thread(target = handle, args = (client,))
thread.start()
print("Server is waiting for client...")
receive() # runs the function that accepts for incoming connections

---

客户端代码应该在主线程上运行write()函数，而不是在另一个线程上运行，因为它需要从stdin输入。您可以按如下方式更改代码，以便在另一个线程上运行接收例程并执行"写入"操作。功能

import socket
import threading 
#nickname prompt
nickname = input("Input your nickname: ")
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
#binding the client to the port
client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 9879))
def receive():
while True:
try:
message = client.recv(1024).decode('ascii')
if message == 'NICKNAME':
client.send(nickname.encode('ascii'))
else:
print(message)
except:
print("An error occurred!")
client.close()
break
def write():
while True:
message = f'{nickname}: {input("")}'
client.send(message.encode('ascii'))
#making the thread
receive_thread = threading.Thread(target = receive)
receive_thread.start()
# on the main thread
write()

连接被拒绝的原因错误是由于服务器代码立即退出，因为接收函数从未实际调用。