r-如何将数字格式化为百分比并限制小数位数

Question

下面是示例数据、操作等。我的问题涉及到第四部分，其中包含滞后函数。所需的结果是，区域001和smb1的empprevyearpct(是的，我知道它实际上是一个qtr(值显示为4.35%，而不是.44347826。我一直在尝试使用天平，但我不知道如何将数字放在小数点的右边，并将其转化为百分比。

library(readxl)
library(dplyr)
library(data.table)
library(odbc)
library(DBI)
library(stringr)
employment <- c(1,45,125,130,165,260,600,2,46,127,132,167,265,601,50,61,110,121,170,305,55,603,66,112,123,172,310,604)
small <- c(1,1,2,2,3,4,NA,1,1,2,2,3,4,NA,1,1,2,2,3,4,NA,1,1,2,2,3,4,NA)
area <-c(001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,001,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003,003)
year<-c(2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020,2020)
qtr <-c(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2)
smbtest <- data.frame(employment,small,area,year,qtr)
smbtest$smb <-0
smbtest <- smbtest %>% mutate(smb = case_when(employment >=0 & employment <100 ~ "1",employment >=0 
& employment <150 ~ "2",employment >=0 & employment <250 ~ "3", employment >=0 & employment <500 ~ 
"4"))

smbsummary2<-smbtest %>% 
mutate(period = paste0(year,"q",qtr)) %>%
select(area,period,employment,smb) %>%
group_by(area,period,smb) %>%
summarise(employment = sum(employment), worksites = n(), 
.groups = 'drop_last') %>% 
mutate(employment = cumsum(employment),
worksites = cumsum(worksites))
smbsummary2<- smbsummary2%>%
group_by(area,smb)%>%
mutate(empprevyear=lag(employment),
empprevyearpp=employment-empprevyear,
empprevyearpct=((employment/empprevyear)-1))

smblonger2<-smbsummary2 %>%
ungroup() %>%
pivot_longer(cols = employment:worksites, names_to = "measure", values_to = "value") %>%
group_by(area,measure) %>%
pivot_wider(names_from = period, values_from = value) %>% gt()

Answer 1

您可以从scales package尝试percent()。您也可以按如下方式设置数字：percent(x, accuracy = 0.01)。注：0.1=1位，0.01=2位，0.001=3位，依此类推。

Answer 2

您可以使用scales::percent()

smbsummary2<- smbsummary2%>%
group_by(area,smb)%>%
mutate(empprevyear=lag(employment),
empprevyearpp=employment-empprevyear,
empprevyearpct=((employment/empprevyear)-1), empprevyearpct=scales::percent(empprevyearpct)
)

输出：

area period smb   employment worksites empprevyear empprevyearpp empprevyearpct
<dbl> <chr>  <chr>      <dbl>     <int>       <dbl>         <dbl> <chr>         
1     1 2020q1 1             46         2          NA            NA NA            
2     1 2020q1 2            301         4          NA            NA NA            
3     1 2020q1 3            466         5          NA            NA NA            
4     1 2020q1 4            726         6          NA            NA NA            
5     1 2020q1 NA          1326         7          NA            NA NA            
6     1 2020q2 1             48         2          46             2 4%            
7     1 2020q2 2            307         4         301             6 2%            
8     1 2020q2 3            474         5         466             8 2%            
9     1 2020q2 4            739         6         726            13 2%            
10     1 2020q2 NA          1340         7        1326            14 1%            
11     3 2020q1 1            166         3          NA            NA NA            
12     3 2020q1 2            397         5          NA            NA NA            
13     3 2020q1 3            567         6          NA            NA NA            
14     3 2020q1 4            872         7          NA            NA NA            
15     3 2020q2 1             66         1         166          -100 -60%          
16     3 2020q2 2            301         3         397           -96 -24%          
17     3 2020q2 3            473         4         567           -94 -17%          
18     3 2020q2 4            783         5         872           -89 -10%          
19     3 2020q2 NA          1990         7          NA            NA NA