如何在PowerShell ScriptBlock中激活conda环境

Question

我希望使用PowerShell远程运行/管理Miniconda。在远程电脑上，Miniconda3是使用安装的

Miniconda3-latest-Windows-x86_64.exe /InstallationType=JustMe /RegisterPython=1 /AddToPath=1 /S /D=%UserProfile%Miniconda3

请注意，选项/AddToPath=1将conda添加到PATH环境变量中。

在该远程计算机上，使用PowerShell创建conda环境：

PS C:> Invoke-Command -ComputerName otherpc -ScriptBlock {conda create -n py36 python=3.6}

很酷，很管用：

PS C:> Invoke-Command -ComputerName otherpc -ScriptBlock {conda env list}
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  C:Usersuser1Miniconda3
py36                     C:Usersuser1Miniconda3envspy36

然而，新环境不能简单地激活：

PS C:> Invoke-Command -ComputerName otherpc -ScriptBlock {
>>  conda activate py36
>>  conda info
>> }
active environment : None
user config file : C:Usersuser1.condarc
populated config files :
conda version : 4.8.5
conda-build version : not installed
python version : 3.8.5.final.0
virtual packages :
base environment : C:Usersuser1Miniconda3  (writable)
channel URLs : https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
package cache : C:Usersuser1Miniconda3pkgs
C:Usersuser1.condapkgs
C:Usersuser1AppDataLocalcondacondapkgs
envs directories : C:Usersuser1Miniconda3envs
C:Usersuser1.condaenvs
C:Usersuser1AppDataLocalcondacondaenvs
platform : win-64
user-agent : conda/4.8.5 requests/2.24.0 CPython/3.8.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.17763
administrator : True
netrc file : None
offline mode : False

我尝试在ScriptBlock的开头添加conda init，这只会添加"；没有变化"；到各种shell文件，包括一些*.ps1文件，但不会修复任何内容。

应该如何在PowerShell ScriptBlock中激活conda环境？

Answer 1

我找到的解决方案是使用conda init:之前配置的启动脚本注册PowerShell会话配置

Invoke-Command -ComputerName otherpc -ScriptBlock {
Register-PSSessionConfiguration -Name UserProfile -StartupScript %USERPROFILE%DocumentsWindowsPowerShellprofile.ps1
}
# restart afterward
Get-Service -ComputerName otherpc -Name WinRM | Restart-Service

这只需要完成一次，并存储在注册表中：

ComputerHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionWSMANPluginUserProfile

---

现在将-ConfigurationName UserProfile与后续Invoke-Command一起使用，例如：

Invoke-Command -ComputerName otherpc -ConfigurationName UserProfile -ScriptBlock {
conda activate py36
conda info
}