我正在尝试使用OOP方法来创建从父类继承到顶级的类。我想把self.txtofName从Window1拿到Window2类。但它提出了一个"；AttributeError：类型对象"Window1"没有属性"txtofName"。有人能帮我吗？
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import time
from tkinter import ttk
class Window1(object):
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.geometry = ('1600x750+0+0')
self.master.config(bg='powder blue')
self.master.title('ALVO HOTEL')
# ==========Framing============
self.ftop = Frame(master, width=1600, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, pady=20)
self.ftop.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.f1 = Frame(master,width=800,height=700,relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, bd=3)
self.f1.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.f4 = Frame(master, width=100, height=700, relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, padx=20, bd=3)
self.f4.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.labelofName = Label(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Name: ', bg='powder blue', bd=10, anchor=W)
self.labelofName.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(20, 10))
self.txtofName = Entry(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bd=10, insertwidth=4, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtofName.grid(row=0, column=1, pady=(20, 10))
self.btnNext = Button(self.f1, padx=10, pady=8, bd=10, fg='white', font=('arial', 10, 'bold'), width=10, text='Next Page', bg='green', command=self.new_window_pop)
self.btnNext.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=E)
def new_window_pop(self):
Window2(Toplevel(self.master))
class Window2(Window1):
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.geometry = ('1350x750+0+0')
self.master.config(bg='powder blue')
self.master.title('User Information and Payment')
self.ftitle = Frame(master, bd=10, width=1350, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.ftitle2 = Frame(master, bd=10, width=1350, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle2.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=3, pady=(0,20))
self.fbutton = Frame(master, width=1350, height=50, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10, pady=20)
self.fbutton.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=2)
self.finfomain = Frame(master, bd=10, width=1350, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE)
self.finfomain.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=1)
self.finfo1 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=300, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10)
self.finfo1.grid(column=0, row=0)
self.finfo1a = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo1a.grid(column=0, row=1)
self.finfo2 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=450, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo2.grid(column=1, row=0, rowspan=2)
name = Window1.txtofName.get()
self.FirstName = StringVar()
self.lblfirstname = Label(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bg='powderblue', text='First Name:', padx=2)
self.lblfirstname.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
self.txtfirstfname = Entry(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), textvariable=self.FirstName, bd=3, insertwidth=5, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtfirstfname.grid(row=0, column=1)
def main():
root = Tk()
app = Window1(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
完整回溯：
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:PythonPython385libtkinter__init__.py", line 1883, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "d:/Code/Cpet5/new.py", line 31, in new_window_pop
Window2(Toplevel(self.master))
File "d:/Code/Cpet5/new.py", line 57, in __init__
name = Window1.txtofName.get()
AttributeError: type object 'Window1' has no attribute 'txtofName'
嗨james我认为问题在于让Windows2类继承Windows1类是错误的。我做了一些改变，比如
def new_window_pop(self):
#avoid declaring the class type here
#Window2(Toplevel(self.master))
#and pass self because you can thought to self as master...
Window2(self)
在windows2中，请注意，我们将geometry、config、title声明为self，这里self是新窗口，self.parent是window1
#declare class type directly...
class Window2(Toplevel):
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__()
#Windows2 recive a parent....
self.parent = parent
self.geometry = ('1350x750+0+0')
self.config(bg='powder blue')
self.title('User Information and Payment')
最重要的是
#here the reference is wrong
#name = Window1.txtofName.get()
#the right reference is self.parent....
name = self.parent.txtofName.get()
self.FirstName = StringVar()
#here, if you need to use the textvariable you must first assign it
self.FirstName.set(name)
完整的故事在这里，试试看。
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import time
from tkinter import ttk
class Window1(object):
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.geometry = ('1600x750+0+0')
self.master.config(bg='powder blue')
self.master.title('ALVO HOTEL')
# ==========Framing============
self.ftop = Frame(master, width=1600, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, pady=20)
self.ftop.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.f1 = Frame(master,width=800,height=700,relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, bd=3)
self.f1.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.f4 = Frame(master, width=100, height=700, relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, padx=20, bd=3)
self.f4.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.labelofName = Label(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Name: ', bg='powder blue', bd=10, anchor=W)
self.labelofName.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(20, 10))
self.txtofName = Entry(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bd=10, insertwidth=4, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtofName.grid(row=0, column=1, pady=(20, 10))
self.btnNext = Button(self.f1, padx=10, pady=8, bd=10, fg='white', font=('arial', 10, 'bold'), width=10, text='Next Page', bg='green', command=self.new_window_pop)
self.btnNext.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=E)
def new_window_pop(self):
#avoid declaring the class type here
#Window2(Toplevel(self.master))
#and pass self...self = master
Window2(self)
#declare class type directly...
class Window2(Toplevel):
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__()
#Windows2 recive a parent....
self.parent = parent
self.geometry = ('1350x750+0+0')
self.config(bg='powder blue')
self.title('User Information and Payment')
#notice this Frame(self,....
self.ftitle = Frame(self, bd=10, width=1350, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.ftitle2 = Frame(self, bd=10, width=1350, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle2.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=3, pady=(0,20))
self.fbutton = Frame(self, width=1350, height=50, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10, pady=20)
self.fbutton.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=2)
self.finfomain = Frame(self, bd=10, width=1350, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE)
self.finfomain.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=1)
self.finfo1 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=300, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10)
self.finfo1.grid(column=0, row=0)
self.finfo1a = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo1a.grid(column=0, row=1)
self.finfo2 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=450, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo2.grid(column=1, row=0, rowspan=2)
#here the reference is wrong
#name = Window1.txtofName.get()
#the right reference is self.parent....
name = self.parent.txtofName.get()
self.FirstName = StringVar()
#here, if you need to use the textvariable you must first assign it
self.FirstName.set(name)
self.lblfirstname = Label(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bg='powderblue', text='First Name:', padx=2)
self.lblfirstname.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
self.txtfirstfname = Entry(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), textvariable=self.FirstName, bd=3, insertwidth=5, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtfirstfname.grid(row=0, column=1)
def main():
root = Tk()
app = Window1(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
按照以下步骤操作
不要这样做app = Window1(root)因为您已经在Window2 中继承了Window1
因此，使用super在Window2 中进行初始化
super().__init__(master)
现在您可以为Window1执行任何thong操作，因此，为按钮分配命令self.btnNext.config(command=self.new_window_pop)
现在为顶层窗口创建一个方法：
这是您的完整代码：
from tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
import time
from tkinter import ttk
class Window1(object):
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.geometry = ('1600x750+0+0')
self.master.config(bg='powder blue')
self.master.title('ALVO HOTEL')
# ==========Framing============
self.ftop = Frame(master, width=1600, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, pady=20)
self.ftop.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.f1 = Frame(master, width=800, height=700, relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, bd=3)
self.f1.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.f4 = Frame(master, width=100, height=700, relief=SUNKEN, bg='powder blue', pady=50, padx=20, bd=3)
self.f4.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky="nsew")
self.labelofName = Label(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), text='Name: ', bg='powder blue', bd=10, anchor=W)
self.labelofName.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(20, 10))
self.txtofName = Entry(self.f1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bd=10, insertwidth=4, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtofName.grid(row=0, column=1, pady=(20, 10))
self.btnNext = Button(self.f1, padx=10, pady=8, bd=10, fg='white', font=('arial', 10, 'bold'), width=10,
text='Next Page', bg='green')
self.btnNext.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky=E)
class Window2(Window1):
def __init__(self, master):
super().__init__(master)
self.btnNext.config(command=self.new_window_pop)
def new_window_pop(self):
self.master = Toplevel(self.master)
self.master.geometry = '1350x750+0+0'
self.master.config(bg='powder blue')
self.master.title('User Information and Payment')
self.ftitle = Frame(self.master, bd=10, width=1350, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=0)
self.ftitle2 = Frame(self.master, bd=10, width=1350, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.ftitle2.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=3, pady=(0, 20))
self.fbutton = Frame(self.master, width=1350, height=50, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10, pady=20)
self.fbutton.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=2)
self.finfomain = Frame(self.master, bd=10, width=1350, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE)
self.finfomain.grid(columnspan=3, column=0, row=1)
self.finfo1 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=300, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=10)
self.finfo1.grid(column=0, row=0)
self.finfo1a = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=900, height=100, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo1a.grid(column=0, row=1)
self.finfo2 = Frame(self.finfomain, bd=5, width=450, height=400, bg='powder blue', relief=RIDGE, padx=20)
self.finfo2.grid(column=1, row=0, rowspan=2)
name = self.txtofName.get()
self.FirstName = StringVar()
self.lblfirstname = Label(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), bg='powderblue', text='First Name:', padx=2)
self.lblfirstname.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
self.txtfirstfname = Entry(self.finfo1, font=('arial', 16, 'bold'), textvariable=self.FirstName, bd=3,
insertwidth=5, bg='white', justify='left')
self.txtfirstfname.grid(row=0, column=1)
def main():
root = Tk()
app = Window2(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()