我正在寻找一个简单的解决方案，它可以帮助我使用电脑的全部功能来处理我的数据。我认为，将任务划分到不同的核心将有助于减少处理时间，但我不知道如何做到这一点，我在stackoverflow上搜索过类似的问题，但没有任何解决方案可以解决我的问题。我正在处理长度约为3000的数据，由于我使用嵌套for循环来查找列表中类似(在+/-0.5范围内(元素的数量，它将运行3000x3000次，大约需要2分钟，我想减少所花费的时间。
repeat= []
values = []
for i in completeList:
count = 0
for j in completeList:
if isfloat(i) and isfloat(j):
if float(i)-0.5 <= float(j) <= float(i)+0.5:
count = count + 1
repeat.append(count)
values.append(i)
如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。
关于，Manish
由于您仍然没有发布isfloat的实际代码，也没有显示completeList的元素是什么样子，所以我所能做的最好的事情就是猜测它们可能是什么。这很重要，因为正如我所提到的，执行isfloat和float以转换completeList的元素所需的CPU越多，使用多处理的收益就越大。
对于CASE 1，我假设completeList由字符串组成，isfloat需要使用正则表达式来确定字符串是否与我们期望的浮点格式匹配，因此float需要从字符串转换。这将是我想象中CPU最密集的情况。对于CASE 2completeList由浮点组成，isfloat只返回True，float不必进行任何实际转换。
我的桌面有8个核心处理器：
案例1
import multiprocessing as mp
import time
import random
import re
from functools import partial
def isfloat(s):
return not re.fullmatch(r'd*.d+', s) is None
def single_process(complete_list):
#repeat = []
values = []
for idx_i, v_i in enumerate(complete_list):
count = 0
for idx_j, v_j in enumerate(complete_list):
if idx_i == idx_j:
continue # don't compare an element with itself
if isfloat(v_i) and isfloat(v_j):
f_i = float(v_i)
if f_i-0.5 <= float(v_j) <= f_i+0.5:
count = count + 1
# repeat will end up being a copy of complete_list
# why are we doing this?
#repeat.append(v_i)
values.append(count) # these are actually counts
return values
def multi_worker(complete_list, index_range):
values = []
for idx_i in index_range:
v_i = complete_list[idx_i]
count = 0
for idx_j, v_j in enumerate(complete_list):
if idx_i == idx_j:
continue # don't compare an element with itself
if isfloat(v_i) and isfloat(v_j):
f_i = float(v_i)
if f_i-0.5 <= float(v_j) <= f_i+0.5:
count = count + 1
values.append(count) # these are actually counts
return values
def multi_process(complete_list):
def split(a, n):
k, m = divmod(len(a), n)
return (a[i * k + min(i, m):(i + 1) * k + min(i + 1, m)] for i in range(n))
n = len(complete_list)
POOL_SIZE = mp.cpu_count()
range_splits = split(range(0, n), POOL_SIZE)
pool = mp.Pool(POOL_SIZE)
value_lists = pool.map(partial(multi_worker, complete_list), range_splits)
values = []
# join results together:
for value_list in value_lists:
values.extend(value_list)
return values
def main():
# generate 3000 random numbers:
random.seed(0)
complete_list = [str(random.uniform(1.0, 3.0)) for _ in range(3000)]
t = time.time()
values = single_process(complete_list)
print(time.time() - t, values[0:10], values[-10:-1])
t = time.time()
values = multi_process(complete_list)
print(time.time() - t, values[0:10], values[-10:-1])
# required for Windows:
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
打印：
27.7540442943573 [1236, 1491, 1464, 1477, 1494, 1472, 1410, 1450, 1502, 1537] [1485, 1513, 1513, 1501, 1283, 1538, 804, 1459, 1457]
7.187546253204346 [1236, 1491, 1464, 1477, 1494, 1472, 1410, 1450, 1502, 1537] [1485, 1513, 1513, 1501, 1283, 1538, 804, 1459, 1457]
案例2
import multiprocessing as mp
import time
import random
from functools import partial
def isfloat(s):
return True
def single_process(complete_list):
values = []
for idx_i, v_i in enumerate(complete_list):
count = 0
for idx_j, v_j in enumerate(complete_list):
if idx_i == idx_j:
continue # don't compare an element with itself
if isfloat(v_i) and isfloat(v_j):
f_i = float(v_i)
if f_i-0.5 <= float(v_j) <= f_i+0.5:
count = count + 1
values.append(count) # these are actually counts
return values
def multi_worker(complete_list, index_range):
values = []
for idx_i in index_range:
v_i = complete_list[idx_i]
count = 0
for idx_j, v_j in enumerate(complete_list):
if idx_i == idx_j:
continue # don't compare an element with itself
if isfloat(v_i) and isfloat(v_j):
f_i = float(v_i)
if f_i-0.5 <= float(v_j) <= f_i+0.5:
count = count + 1
values.append(count) # these are actually counts
return values
def multi_process(complete_list):
def split(a, n):
k, m = divmod(len(a), n)
return (a[i * k + min(i, m):(i + 1) * k + min(i + 1, m)] for i in range(n))
n = len(complete_list)
POOL_SIZE = mp.cpu_count()
range_splits = split(range(0, n), POOL_SIZE)
pool = mp.Pool(POOL_SIZE)
value_lists = pool.map(partial(multi_worker, complete_list), range_splits)
values = []
# join results together:
for value_list in value_lists:
values.extend(value_list)
return values
def main():
# generate 3000 random numbers:
random.seed(0)
complete_list = [random.uniform(1.0, 3.0) for _ in range(3000)]
t = time.time()
values = single_process(complete_list)
print(time.time() - t, values[0:10], values[-10:-1])
t = time.time()
values = multi_process(complete_list)
print(time.time() - t, values[0:10], values[-10:-1])
# required for Windows:
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
打印：
4.181002378463745 [1236, 1491, 1464, 1477, 1494, 1472, 1410, 1450, 1502, 1537] [1485, 1513, 1513, 1501, 1283, 1538, 804, 1459, 1457]
1.325998067855835 [1236, 1491, 1464, 1477, 1494, 1472, 1410, 1450, 1502, 1537] [1485, 1513, 1513, 1501, 1283, 1538, 804, 1459, 1457]
结果
对于情况1，加速为3.86，对于情况2，加速仅为3.14。