在函数中,我想通过作为函数参数指定的列来排序数据帧(在函数中生成)。
通常,我会像这样订购一个数据框架:
data(mtcars)
mtcars <- mtcars[order(-mtcars$cyl, mtcars$mpg),]
或
data(mtcars)
attach(mtcars)
mtcars <- mtcars[order(-cyl, mpg),]
现在,我想传递'cyl'和'mpg'作为函数的参数:
example <- function( sort_columns = c('-cyl','mpg') ) {
data(mtcars)
mtcars[order( sort_columns ),]
}
当然上面的方法不起作用。是否有一种优雅的方法来实现这一点?
因为我想保持代码易于分发,所以我想坚持使用基础r。
另一种选择是使用非标准求值来允许您直接传递名称:
example <- function(data, ... ) {
data[do.call(order,
lapply(as.list(match.call())[-c(1:2)], function(x) with(data, eval(x)))),]
}
这允许
example(mtcars, mpg, cyl)
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4
#> Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4
#> Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4
#> Duster 360 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
#> Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
#> Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
#> Merc 450SLC 15.2 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3 3
#> AMC Javelin 15.2 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3 2
#> Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2
#> Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
#> Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3
#> Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3
#> Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4 4
#> Valiant 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
#> Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
#> Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
#> Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2
#> Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6
#> Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
#> Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
#> Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2
#> Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
#> Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
#> Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
#> Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
#> Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
#> Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
#> Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
#> Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
#> Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
#> Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
#> Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
反转是这样的:
example(mtcars, -mpg, -cyl)
#> mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
#> Toyota Corolla 33.9 4 71.1 65 4.22 1.835 19.90 1 1 4 1
#> Fiat 128 32.4 4 78.7 66 4.08 2.200 19.47 1 1 4 1
#> Honda Civic 30.4 4 75.7 52 4.93 1.615 18.52 1 1 4 2
#> Lotus Europa 30.4 4 95.1 113 3.77 1.513 16.90 1 1 5 2
#> Fiat X1-9 27.3 4 79.0 66 4.08 1.935 18.90 1 1 4 1
#> Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
#> Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
#> Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
#> Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
#> Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
#> Hornet 4 Drive 21.4 6 258.0 110 3.08 3.215 19.44 1 0 3 1
#> Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2
#> Mazda RX4 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.620 16.46 0 1 4 4
#> Mazda RX4 Wag 21.0 6 160.0 110 3.90 2.875 17.02 0 1 4 4
#> Ferrari Dino 19.7 6 145.0 175 3.62 2.770 15.50 0 1 5 6
#> Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2
#> Merc 280 19.2 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.30 1 0 4 4
#> Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
#> Valiant 18.1 6 225.0 105 2.76 3.460 20.22 1 0 3 1
#> Merc 280C 17.8 6 167.6 123 3.92 3.440 18.90 1 0 4 4
#> Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3
#> Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3
#> Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
#> Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2
#> Merc 450SLC 15.2 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.780 18.00 0 0 3 3
#> AMC Javelin 15.2 8 304.0 150 3.15 3.435 17.30 0 0 3 2
#> Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301.0 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
#> Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440.0 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
#> Duster 360 14.3 8 360.0 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
#> Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350.0 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4
#> Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472.0 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4
#> Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460.0 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4
由reprex包(v2.0.1)于2022-04-16创建
我们需要do.call
,选择数据的列,并将order
与do.call
应用
example <- function( sort_columns = c('cyl','mpg'),
is_decrease = c(FALSE, FALSE) ) {
data(mtcars)
sub_mtcars <- mtcars[sort_columns]
if(any(is_decrease)) {
sub_mtcars[is_decrease] <- -1 * sub_mtcars[is_decrease]
}
mtcars[do.call(order, sub_mtcars ),]
}
测试
> head(example(sort_columns = c('cyl', 'mpg')))
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Volvo 142E 21.4 4 121.0 109 4.11 2.780 18.60 1 1 4 2
Toyota Corona 21.5 4 120.1 97 3.70 2.465 20.01 1 0 3 1
Datsun 710 22.8 4 108.0 93 3.85 2.320 18.61 1 1 4 1
Merc 230 22.8 4 140.8 95 3.92 3.150 22.90 1 0 4 2
Merc 240D 24.4 4 146.7 62 3.69 3.190 20.00 1 0 4 2
Porsche 914-2 26.0 4 120.3 91 4.43 2.140 16.70 0 1 5 2
> head(example(sort_columns = c('cyl', 'mpg'), c(TRUE, FALSE)))
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Cadillac Fleetwood 10.4 8 472 205 2.93 5.250 17.98 0 0 3 4
Lincoln Continental 10.4 8 460 215 3.00 5.424 17.82 0 0 3 4
Camaro Z28 13.3 8 350 245 3.73 3.840 15.41 0 0 3 4
Duster 360 14.3 8 360 245 3.21 3.570 15.84 0 0 3 4
Chrysler Imperial 14.7 8 440 230 3.23 5.345 17.42 0 0 3 4
Maserati Bora 15.0 8 301 335 3.54 3.570 14.60 0 1 5 8
因为我更喜欢让函数的用户访问order()
的所有可能性,以一种简洁和熟悉的方式,对我来说最好的选择似乎是动态生成代码,并使用eval(parse(text=...))
执行它:
example <- function( sort_columns = "cyl, mpg" ) {
data(mtcars)
code <- paste0("mtcars[order(", sort_columns, "),]") # code = "mtcars[order(cyl, mpg),]"
eval(parse( text = code ))
}
> example(s="-cyl, -mpg")
mpg cyl disp hp drat wt qsec vs am gear carb
Pontiac Firebird 19.2 8 400.0 175 3.08 3.845 17.05 0 0 3 2
Hornet Sportabout 18.7 8 360.0 175 3.15 3.440 17.02 0 0 3 2
Merc 450SL 17.3 8 275.8 180 3.07 3.730 17.60 0 0 3 3
Merc 450SE 16.4 8 275.8 180 3.07 4.070 17.40 0 0 3 3
Ford Pantera L 15.8 8 351.0 264 4.22 3.170 14.50 0 1 5 4
Dodge Challenger 15.5 8 318.0 150 2.76 3.520 16.87 0 0 3 2
...