关于Junit5+Spring WebClient单元测试的小问题。
我有一个带有@AutowiredWebClient的基本@Service类。
@Autowired private final WebClient webClient;
private MyAtServiceClass(WebClient webClient) {
this.webClient = webClient;
}
public Mono<MyPojo> sendHttpRequestToSomewhere(String payload) {
return webClient.mutate().baseUrl("http://...").build().post().body(BodyInserters.fromValue(payload)).retrieve().bodyToMono(MyPojo.class);
}
由于我只想进行单元测试，所以我在测试类中对以下内容进行了一些"模拟"：
String payload = getSomeHardedCodedJsonPayload();
WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
.exchangeFunction(clientRequest ->
Mono.just(ClientResponse.create(HttpStatus.OK)
.header("content-type", "application/json")
.body(payload)
.build())
).build();
MyAtServiceClass myAtServiceClass = new MyAtServiceClass(webClient);
Mono<MyPojo> mono = myAtServiceClass.sendHttpRequestToSomewhere();
assertEquals(“foo”, mono.block().getFoo());
然而，当我运行单元测试时，希望它只返回我的假人，我得到了下面的连接拒绝异常。
请问根本原因是什么？
org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClientRequestException: Connection refused: /0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:80; nested exception is io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: /0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:80
at org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.ExchangeFunctions$DefaultExchangeFunction.lambda$wrapException$9(ExchangeFunctions.java:137)
Suppressed: reactor.core.publisher.FluxOnAssembly$OnAssemblyException:
Error has been observed at the following site(s):
|_ checkpoint ⇢ Request to POST /somewhere [DefaultWebClient]
Stack trace:
at org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.ExchangeFunctions$DefaultExchangeFunction.lambda$wrapException$9(ExchangeFunctions.java:137)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoErrorSupplied.subscribe(MonoErrorSupplied.java:70)
at reactor.core.publisher.Mono.subscribe(Mono.java:4046)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxOnErrorResume$ResumeSubscriber.onError(FluxOnErrorResume.java:103)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxPeek$PeekSubscriber.onError(FluxPeek.java:221)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxPeek$PeekSubscriber.onError(FluxPeek.java:221)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxPeek$PeekSubscriber.onError(FluxPeek.java:221)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoNext$NextSubscriber.onError(MonoNext.java:93)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoFlatMapMany$FlatMapManyMain.onError(MonoFlatMapMany.java:204)
at reactor.core.publisher.SerializedSubscriber.onError(SerializedSubscriber.java:124)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxRetryWhen$RetryWhenMainSubscriber.whenError(FluxRetryWhen.java:224)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxRetryWhen$RetryWhenOtherSubscriber.onError(FluxRetryWhen.java:273)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxConcatMap$ConcatMapImmediate.drain(FluxConcatMap.java:413)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxConcatMap$ConcatMapImmediate.onNext(FluxConcatMap.java:250)
at reactor.core.publisher.EmitterProcessor.drain(EmitterProcessor.java:491)
at reactor.core.publisher.EmitterProcessor.tryEmitNext(EmitterProcessor.java:299)
at reactor.core.publisher.SinkManySerialized.tryEmitNext(SinkManySerialized.java:97)
at reactor.core.publisher.InternalManySink.emitNext(InternalManySink.java:27)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxRetryWhen$RetryWhenMainSubscriber.onError(FluxRetryWhen.java:189)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoCreate$DefaultMonoSink.error(MonoCreate.java:189)
at reactor.netty.http.client.HttpClientConnect$MonoHttpConnect$ClientTransportSubscriber.onError(HttpClientConnect.java:306)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoCreate$DefaultMonoSink.error(MonoCreate.java:189)
at reactor.netty.resources.DefaultPooledConnectionProvider$DisposableAcquire.onError(DefaultPooledConnectionProvider.java:166)
at reactor.netty.internal.shaded.reactor.pool.AbstractPool$Borrower.fail(AbstractPool.java:427)
at reactor.netty.internal.shaded.reactor.pool.SimpleDequePool.lambda$drainLoop$5(SimpleDequePool.java:310)
at reactor.core.publisher.FluxDoOnEach$DoOnEachSubscriber.onError(FluxDoOnEach.java:186)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoCreate$DefaultMonoSink.error(MonoCreate.java:189)
at reactor.netty.resources.DefaultPooledConnectionProvider$PooledConnectionAllocator$PooledConnectionInitializer.onError(DefaultPooledConnectionProvider.java:565)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoFlatMap$FlatMapMain.secondError(MonoFlatMap.java:192)
at reactor.core.publisher.MonoFlatMap$FlatMapInner.onError(MonoFlatMap.java:259)
at reactor.netty.transport.TransportConnector$MonoChannelPromise.tryFailure(TransportConnector.java:464)
at reactor.netty.transport.TransportConnector$MonoChannelPromise$1.tryFailure(TransportConnector.java:515)
at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioChannel$AbstractNioUnsafe.fulfillConnectPromise(AbstractNioChannel.java:321)
at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioChannel$AbstractNioUnsafe.finishConnect(AbstractNioChannel.java:337)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKey(NioEventLoop.java:707)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeysOptimized(NioEventLoop.java:655)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeys(NioEventLoop.java:581)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:493)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$4.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:989)
at io.netty.util.internal.ThreadExecutorMap$2.run(ThreadExecutorMap.java:74)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.FastThreadLocalRunnable.run(FastThreadLocalRunnable.java:30)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Suppressed: java.lang.Exception: #block terminated with an error
at reactor.core.publisher.BlockingSingleSubscriber.blockingGet(BlockingSingleSubscriber.java:99)
at reactor.core.publisher.Mono.block(Mono.java:1703)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:688)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:206)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:65)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:38)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:143)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:129)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:126)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:84)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:32)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:51)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:108)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:96)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:75)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:33)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:220)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:53)
Caused by: io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AnnotatedConnectException: Connection refused: /0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:80
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:779)
at io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel.doFinishConnect(NioSocketChannel.java:330)
at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioChannel$AbstractNioUnsafe.finishConnect(AbstractNioChannel.java:334)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKey(NioEventLoop.java:707)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeysOptimized(NioEventLoop.java:655)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.processSelectedKeys(NioEventLoop.java:581)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:493)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$4.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:989)
at io.netty.util.internal.ThreadExecutorMap$2.run(ThreadExecutorMap.java:74)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.FastThreadLocalRunnable.run(FastThreadLocalRunnable.java:30)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
上面是整个堆栈跟踪。
谢谢
与你无关的问题，但也许这有助于像我一样陷入同样陷阱的人(尽管你可能知道这一点，就像我实际做的那样(。
正如多个教程中所述，您必须密切关注所使用的.uri(...)方法的版本。
有关uri(...)版本的更多详细信息，请参阅Spring API：WebClient.UriSpec
如果您使用例如.uri(URI)，则会覆盖您可能早期指定的任何URL(例如使用.baseUrl("http://localhost:8888")(，因此，如果您只想将路径(例如/my-service/booking(附加到基本URL，则不能使用此重载方法，否则您将错过host和/或port，因此会出现上述错误消息。
我不确定您的测试失败的原因，尽管在我看来，被截断的交换过滤器似乎没有按应有的方式工作。因此，它试图在不该调用的时候进行api调用。
下面是一个单元测试的例子，使用的机制与您用来截取web客户端调用的机制相同。我可以验证这个测试是否按预期通过。这可能有助于找出你的测试出现问题的原因。
@Test
void webClientTest() {
WebClient webClient = WebClient.builder()
.exchangeFunction(clientRequest ->
Mono.just(ClientResponse.create(HttpStatus.OK)
.header("content-type", "application/json")
.body("test")
.build())
).build();
Mono<String> stringMono = webClient.mutate().baseUrl("http://fakeUrl.com")
.build()
.post()
.body(BodyInserters.fromValue("abc"))
.retrieve()
.bodyToMono(String.class);
StepVerifier.create(stringMono)
.expectNext("test")
.verifyComplete();
}
创建指向MockWebServer的WebClient二重。
查看此帖子https://www.baeldung.com/spring-mocking-webclient
MockWebServer使得截取任何响应进行测试变得非常容易。
如果您需要与多个端点进行对话，通常会为每个基本URL创建不同的WebClient实例。这样你就不会在使用WebClient的方法中改变它。WebClient依赖项的使用者只需指定他们需要调用的路径。因此，当传入测试double时，它将被设置为具有指向MockWebServer的基本url，并且消费类(在测试中(不会知道任何不同。