如何编译一个包含GLUT的C文件?

Question

我目前正在使用Visual Studio Code创建一个使用GLUT的图形游戏，如#include "GL/glut.h"所包含的。但是，当我编译它时，

gcc main.c -o test

我面对着

C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `_imp____glutInitWithExit@12
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x3f): undefined reference to `_imp____glutCreateWindowWithExit@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x61): undefined reference to `_imp____glutCreateMenuWithExit@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0xa77): undefined reference to `glBegin@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0xa90): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0xb49): undefined reference to `glVertex2d@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0xb60): undefined reference to `glVertex2d@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0xb68): undefined reference to `glEnd@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x54a8): undefined reference to `glEnable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x54bf): undefined reference to `glBlendFunc@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x55dc): undefined reference to `glClear@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x55eb): undefined reference to `glMatrixMode@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x55f3): undefined reference to `glLoadIdentity@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5609): undefined reference to `glScalef@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5634): undefined reference to `gluPerspective@32'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5643): undefined reference to `glMatrixMode@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x564b): undefined reference to `glLoadIdentity@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x568a): undefined reference to `gluLookAt@72'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x57d1): undefined reference to `glEnableClientState@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x57e0): undefined reference to `glEnableClientState@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5807): undefined reference to `glVertexPointer@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x582e): undefined reference to `glTexCoordPointer@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x584e): undefined reference to `glDrawArrays@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5875): undefined reference to `glVertexPointer@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x589c): undefined reference to `glTexCoordPointer@16'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x58bc): undefined reference to `glDrawArrays@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x58cb): undefined reference to `glDisable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x58da): undefined reference to `glBegin@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x58f3): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x590c): undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5927): undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5940): undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x595b): undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5974): undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x597c): undefined reference to `glEnd@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5988): undefined reference to `glEnable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5990): undefined reference to `_imp__glutPostRedisplay@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5997): undefined reference to `_imp__glutSwapBuffers@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x599e): undefined reference to `glFlush@0'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x59f6): undefined reference to `_imp__glutSetCursor@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5a53): undefined reference to `_imp__glutSetCursor@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5b8c): undefined reference to `_imp__glutWarpPointer@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5bef): undefined reference to `_imp__glutGet@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5c05): undefined reference to `_imp__glutGet@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5ccd): undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitDisplayMode@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5ce6): undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitWindowSize@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5cff): undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitWindowPosition@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d1f): undefined reference to `_imp__glutKeyboardFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d30): undefined reference to `_imp__glutKeyboardUpFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d41): undefined reference to `_imp__glutDisplayFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d52): undefined reference to `_imp__glutReshapeFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d63): undefined reference to `glEnable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d78): undefined reference to `glAlphaFunc@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d87): undefined reference to `_imp__glutSetCursor@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5d98): undefined reference to `glEnable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5db1): undefined reference to `_imp__glutPassiveMotionFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5dc2): undefined reference to `_imp__glutMotionFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5dd3): undefined reference to `_imp__glutMouseFunc@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5dec): undefined reference to `glPixelStorei@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5e03): undefined reference to `glGenTextures@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5e1b): undefined reference to `glBindTexture@8'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5e6f): undefined reference to `glTexImage2D@36'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5e90): undefined reference to `glTexParameterf@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5eb1): undefined reference to `glTexParameterf@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5ed2): undefined reference to `glTexParameterf@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5ef3): undefined reference to `glTexParameterf@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5f12): undefined reference to `glTexEnvi@12'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5f21): undefined reference to `glEnable@4'
C:UsersplaytechAppDataLocalTempccgUQvpv.o:main.c:(.text+0x5f29): undefined reference to `_imp__glutMainLoop@0'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

在谷歌周围寻找解决方案后，我也尝试了(-lglut，-lGLU和-lGL的组合)

gcc main.c -o test -lglut

返回

c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lGL
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lGLU
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/6.3.0/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lglut

我在Mac上的Xcode中打开了文件，然而，当GCC的终端命令面临类似的Clang错误时，Xcode的内置'build'成功创建了应用程序。

此外，我的代码使用了相当多的vla和c++不起作用，所以我真的很想让它为C工作。Visual Studio 2019也不喜欢构建我的解决方案，因为它不喜欢vla。

我怎么能让GCC编译这个文件，当它包含GLUT?

如何编译一个包含GLUT的C文件?

Answer 1

您需要添加-L<目录名>告诉编译器在哪里找到你想要链接的库(GLUT, GLU和GL)，因为它们在标准目录列表中找不到。

参考GCC官方文档:链接选项

-llibrary-l library在链接时搜索名为library的库。(将库作为单独参数的第二种选择仅适用于POSIX)

-l选项由GCC直接传递给链接器。参考你的链接器文档了解详细信息。下面的一般描述适用于GNU链接器

链接器在标准目录列表中搜索库。搜索的目录包括几个标准系统目录加上任何您用-L指定的.

现有的问题和答案将提供一个明确的例子:如何使用GCC包含所需的C库?