当代码进入for循环时，WS2812B的第一个led开始亮起

Question

我正在做这个项目，它应该是一个车库的灯。有两种方法可以打开灯，通过运动传感器或开关。Led灯带开始一个接一个地打开。它将持续亮起一段时间，然后反转动画开始并将所有LED变为黑色。我在这个动画中使用了一个for循环(与FastLed在第一个灯光示例中使用的循环相同(。只有当运动传感器激活并且for循环正在运行时，才会出现错误。对不起，整数名称不正确，可能会混淆。非常感谢！

以下是代码：(如果你听不懂德语，-Bewegungsmelder=运动传感器-Schalter=切换

// für die Leds
#define NUMfront_LEDS 150 //150 Leds
#define NUMinner_LEDS 35 //35 Leds
#define rightPIN 6 //Pin 6
#define leftPIN 5
#define innerrightPIN 8
#define innerleftPIN 7
#define CLOCK_PIN 13
// für die Schalter
#define schalter 2 //Pin 2
#define Bewegungsmelder 4 //Pin 4
int schalterval = 0;
int Bewegungsval = 0;
long Time = 0;
long Wait = 900000;
int On = 0;
CRGB leftLeds[NUMfront_LEDS];
CRGB rightLeds[NUMfront_LEDS];
CRGB innerleftLeds[NUMinner_LEDS];
CRGB innerrightLeds[NUMinner_LEDS];

void setup() {
// sanity check delay - allows reprogramming if accidently blowing power w/leds
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(2000);
FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, rightPIN, RGB>(rightLeds, NUMfront_LEDS);  // GRB ordering is typical
FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, leftPIN, RGB>(leftLeds, NUMfront_LEDS);
FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, innerrightPIN, RGB>(innerrightLeds, NUMinner_LEDS);
FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, innerleftPIN, RGB>(innerleftLeds, NUMinner_LEDS);
Time = millis();
}
void loop() {
Serial.println("----------------------------------------------");
Serial.print(Wait);
Serial.print("----");
Serial.print(millis());
Bewegungsval = digitalRead(Bewegungsmelder);
schalterval = digitalRead(schalter);
Serial.println(Bewegungsval);
Serial.println(schalterval);
Serial.println("Space");
Schalter:
if (digitalRead(schalter) == 1) {
On = 0;
for (int blackLed = NUMfront_LEDS; blackLed > -1; blackLed = blackLed - 1) {
leftLeds[blackLed] = CRGB::White;
rightLeds[blackLed] = CRGB::White;
delay(19);
FastLED.show();
}
// Carport innen
fill_solid( innerrightLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::White);
fill_solid( innerleftLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::White);
//Leds aus
//Carport aussen

while (digitalRead(schalter) == 1) {
}
for (int whiteLed = 0; whiteLed < NUMfront_LEDS; whiteLed = whiteLed + 1) {
leftLeds[whiteLed] = CRGB::Black;
rightLeds[whiteLed] = CRGB::Black;
delay(19);
FastLED.show();
}
// Carport innen
fill_solid( innerrightLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::Black);
fill_solid( innerleftLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::Black);
FastLED.show();
}

else if (Bewegungsval == 1) {
//Carport aussen
if (On == 1) {
goto Skip;
}
for (int blackLed = NUMfront_LEDS; blackLed > -1; blackLed = blackLed - 1) {
leftLeds[blackLed] = CRGB::White;
rightLeds[blackLed] = CRGB::White;
delay(19);
FastLED.show();
}
// Carport innen
fill_solid( innerrightLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::White);
fill_solid( innerleftLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::White);
FastLED.show();
//Leds aus
On = 1;
Skip:
Time = millis();
Wait = Time + 10000; // + 5min. 300000
Bewegungsval = digitalRead(Bewegungsmelder);
goto Schalter;
}
Time = millis();
if (Time  >=  Wait) {
On = 0;
for (int whiteLed = 0; whiteLed < NUMfront_LEDS; whiteLed = whiteLed + 1) {
leftLeds[whiteLed] = CRGB::Black;
rightLeds[whiteLed] = CRGB::Black;
delay(19);
FastLED.show();
}
// Carport innen
fill_solid( innerrightLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::Black);
fill_solid( innerleftLeds, NUMinner_LEDS, CRGB::Black);
}
}```

Answer 1

虽然德语流利，但程序结构有点混乱。由于我们在C++中

• 您不应该使用goto
• 根据我的理解，开关和IR的灯程序是相同的，所以这个代码应该只存在一次
• 你的测量时间的程序不安全，请参阅blinkwithout delay示例如何操作

因此，使用以下结构清理代码：

unsigned long startTime = 0;
unsigned long myTimer = 10000;// 10 sec
bool lightIsOn = false;
setup(){....}
loop(){
....
// We check wether switch or IR are triggerd AND we are not already in a light sequence
if ((digitalRead(schalter) == 1 || Bewegungsval == 1) && lightIsOn == false) { 
lightIsOn = true;   // change state so we know that a light sequence is running
startTime = millis(); // reset the timer
}
// this part runs as long lighIsOn == true and time is not up
if(millis() - startTime <= myTimer && lighIsOn == true){
// Carport aussen
your light sequence .....
}
// Here we run the time is up sequence 
if(millis() - startTime > myTimer && lighIsOn == true) {   // rollover safe
light sequence for time is up
........
lightIsOn = false;   // change state so we know that a light sequence is over
}
}

这种技术被称为有限状态机——通过goto没有"跳来跳去"。如果你需要更多的状态，你只需要扩展序列
-没有其他的，因为例如在最后两个组合的If语句中，我们检查lightIsON==true==>其他的语句意味着第二个语句中的lightIsON===false，这在这里没有意义，因为我们只按时间将这些状态区分为状态
请不要在面向对象编程中使用goto，它会使您的代码无法读取和跟踪。重写程序，如果有"新"问题，请在此处编辑或打开新问题