我有一个Python脚本，它可以获取收件箱文件夹中所有电子邮件的电子邮件ID。然而，当Outlook收到数千封电子邮件时，它会抛出内存不足的异常。
例外：
Printing emails...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "print_emails.py", line 53, in main
print_emails()
File "print_emails.py", line 43, in print_emails
primary_emails, primary_email_ids = get_emails_and_ids(primary_source_folder)
File "print_emails.py", line 29, in get_emails_and_ids
property_accessor = item.PropertyAccessor
File "C:Program FilesPython38libsite-packageswin32comclient__init__.py", line 474, in __getattr__
return self._ApplyTypes_(*args)
File "C:Program FilesPython38libsite-packageswin32comclient__init__.py", line 467, in _ApplyTypes_
self._oleobj_.InvokeTypes(dispid, 0, wFlags, retType, argTypes, *args),
pywintypes.com_error: (-2147352567, 'Exception occurred.', (4096, 'Microsoft Outlook', 'Out of memory or system resources. Close some windows or programs and try again.', None, 0, -2147024882), None)
Press enter to exit...
我尝试了两种不同的方法：迭代一次(get_emails_and_ids(和两次(get_emails和get_email_ids(。
这似乎与获得PropertyAccessor几千次有关。如果我只是使用get_emails获取电子邮件，它可以处理38000封电子邮件，但当我开始使用PropertyAccessor获取ID数千次时，即内存耗尽。我必须释放旧的属性访问器吗？
安装：
pip install -U pypiwin32
代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
from typing import Any, List, Tuple, Set
import traceback
import win32com.client
PidTagInternetMessageId = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/mapi/proptag/0x1035001F"
primary_account_email = "user@domain.tld"
primary_source_folder_name = "Inbox"
def get_emails(folder) -> List:
return [item for item in folder.Items if "_MailItem" in str(type(item))]
def get_email_ids(emails) -> Set[str]:
return {email_id for email in emails if len(email_id := email.PropertyAccessor.GetProperty(PidTagInternetMessageId)) > 0}
def get_emails_and_ids(folder) -> Tuple[List, Set[str]]:
emails = []
email_ids = set()
for item in folder.Items:
if "_MailItem" in str(type(item)):
emails.append(item)
property_accessor = item.PropertyAccessor
email_id = property_accessor.GetProperty(PidTagInternetMessageId)
email_ids.add(email_id)
return emails, email_ids
def print_emails() -> None:
outlook = win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch("Outlook.Application")
namespace = outlook.GetNamespace("MAPI")
primary_account = namespace.Folders[primary_account_email]
primary_folders = primary_account.Folders
primary_source_folder = primary_folders[primary_source_folder_name]
primary_emails, primary_email_ids = get_emails_and_ids(primary_source_folder)
# primary_emails = get_emails(primary_source_folder)
# primary_email_ids = get_email_ids(primary_emails)
print(primary_email_ids)
def main(*args: Tuple[Any, ...]) -> None:
try:
print(f"Printing emails...")
print_emails()
print()
print("Done.")
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc()
print()
print("Press enter to exit...")
input()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
尝试替换"CCD_ 7"；循环，循环从1到Items.Count(使用Items(i(检索项(-不确定Python，但在其他语言中；CCD_ 8"；循环倾向于保存引用的集合的所有项，直到循环退出。
我的解决方案是不将所有电子邮件(MailItem对象(存储在列表中。如果我需要列表中的电子邮件，当我处理电子邮件时，我应该list.pop()或立即将其从列表中删除。使用PropertyAccessor并将电子邮件保留在列表中会导致Outlook将对象保留在内存中，并导致Outlook内存不足。
我去掉了get_emails和get_emails_and_ids函数，重新编写了get_email_ids函数，只存储电子邮件ID，而不将电子邮件对象存储在列表中：
def get_email_ids(folder) -> Tuple[Set[str], int]:
email_ids = set()
items = folder.Items
i = 0
for item in items:
if "_MailItem" in str(type(item)):
i += 1
property_accessor = item.PropertyAccessor
email_id = property_accessor.GetProperty(PidTagInternetMessageId)
if len(email_id) > 0:
email_ids.add(email_id)
if i % 500 == 0:
print(f" Retrieved {i} email IDs.")
return email_ids, i
我写的另一个剧本现在快多了，至少需要10分钟。以前，它每秒处理几封电子邮件，耗时数小时。