Python子进程权限错误

Question

当我尝试执行位于Program Files目录中的文件时，我会得到一个PermissionError执行选项。

excat错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "Build.py", line 24, in <module>
subprocess.Popen([buildCMD], stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
File "subprocess.py", line 854, in __init__
File "subprocess.py", line 1307, in _execute_child
PermissionError: [WinError 5] Zugriff verweigert
[23948] Failed to execute script 'Build' due to unhandled exception!

代码：

import subprocess
buildCMD = '"C:/Program Files/Microchip/xc8/v2.32/bin/xc8-cc.exe" -mcpu=16f1787 -Wl,-Map=.build/main.build.map  -DXPRJ_default=default  -Wl,--defsym=__MPLAB_BUILD=1   -mdfp=C:/Program Files/Microchip/MPLABX/v5.50/packs/Microchip/PIC12-16F1xxx_DFP/1.2.63/xc8  -fno-short-double -fno-short-float -fasmfile -maddrqual=ignore -xassembler-with-cpp -mwarn=-3 -Wa,-a -msummary=-psect,-class,+mem,-hex,-file  -ginhx32 -Wl,--data-init -mno-keep-startup -mno-osccal -mno-resetbits -mno-save-resetbits -mno-download -mno-stackcall -std=c99 -gdwarf-3 -mstack=compiled:auto:auto -Wl,--memorysummary,.build/memoryfile.xml -o .build/main.build.hex main.c'
subprocess.Popen([buildCMD], stdin=subprocess.PIPE)

Answer 1

将字符串作为列表传递是双重错误的，尽管Windows在这里比真正的计算机更宽容。你想要

subprocess.run([
"C:/Program Files/Microchip/xc8/v2.32/bin/xc8-cc.exe",
"-mcpu=16f1787", "-Wl,-Map=.build/main.build.map",
"-DXPRJ_default=default", "-Wl,--defsym=__MPLAB_BUILD=1",
"-mdfp=C:/Program Files/Microchip/MPLABX/v5.50/packs/Microchip/PIC12-16F1xxx_DFP/1.2.63/xc8",
"-fno-short-double", "-fno-short-float", "-fasmfile",
"-maddrqual=ignore", "-xassembler-with-cpp", "-mwarn=-3",
"-Wa,-a", "-msummary=-psect,-class,+mem,-hex,-file",
"-ginhx32", "-Wl,--data-init", "-mno-keep-startup",
"-mno-osccal", "-mno-resetbits", "-mno-save-resetbits",
"-mno-download", "-mno-stackcall", "-std=c99", "-gdwarf-3",
"-mstack=compiled:auto:auto",
"-Wl,--memorysummary,.build/memoryfile.xml",
"-o", ".build/main.build.hex", "main.c"],
stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
check=True)

或者与字符串相同(但在参数周围正确引用空格，特别是-mdfp=C:/Program Files/...(和shell=True(但您通常希望避免这种情况(

请注意，如果子进程失败，添加check=True使Python引发异常，并且首选subprocess.run()而不是subprocess.Popen，除非您特别要求子进程与Python脚本一起运行，然后承诺管理进程对象，直到它终止。