ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE的Android R-startActivity显示了不同的选项可供选择

Question

我的应用程序目标是支持30(R(。我注意到一些应用程序在调用时丢失了可供选择的内容：

baseActivity.startActivity(Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE))

当目标为29时，此代码显示在拍照前可选择的几个应用程序：

• 本机相机应用程序
• B612相机应用程序

目标设置为30后，将直接打开相机应用程序(无选项可供选择(。

我查看了android 11的变化，但没有看到任何特别之处。我这边有什么需要改变的吗？

感谢阅读/帮助

Answer 1

一旦targetSdkVersion达到30，ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE将只显示预先安装的相机应用程序，而不显示用户安装的应用程序。

Answer 2

我找到了一个解决方法
TL；DR：自己阅读应用程序的AndroidManifest.xml来查找相机应用程序
注意：这可能会导致您的应用程序被商店禁止使用

步骤1：使用PackageManager，创建一个具有授予的Camera权限的所有应用程序的列表。

public static List<PackageInfo> getPackageInfosWithCameraPermission(Context context){
//Get a list of compatible apps
PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
List<PackageInfo> installedPackages = pm.getInstalledPackages(PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS);
ArrayList<PackageInfo> cameraPermissionPackages = new ArrayList<PackageInfo>();
//filter out only camera apps
for (PackageInfo somePackage : installedPackages) {
//- A camera app should have the Camera permission
boolean hasCameraPermission = false;
if (somePackage.requestedPermissions == null || somePackage.requestedPermissions.length == 0) {
continue;
}
for (String requestPermission : somePackage.requestedPermissions) {
if (requestPermission.equals(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
//Ask for Camera permission, now see if it's granted.
if (pm.checkPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA, somePackage.packageName) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
hasCameraPermission = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (hasCameraPermission) {
cameraPermissionPackages.add(somePackage);
}
}
return cameraPermissionPackages;
}

步骤2：从APK文件(从PackageInfo(获取AndroidManifest

public static Document readAndroidManifestFromPackageInfo(PackageInfo packageInfo) {
File publicSourceDir = new File(packageInfo.applicationInfo.publicSourceDir);

//Get AndroidManifest.xml from APK
ZipFile apkZipFile = new ZipFile(apkFile, ZipFile.OPEN_READ);
ZipEntry manifestEntry = apkZipFile.getEntry("AndroidManifest.xml");
InputStream manifestInputStream = apkZipFile.getInputStream(manifestEntry);
try {
Document doc = new CompressedXmlParser().parseDOM(manifestInputStream);
return doc;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new IOException("Error reading AndroidManifest", e);
}
}

步骤3：读取AndroidManifest以找到具有正确IntentFilter 的活动

public static List<ComponentName> getCameraComponentNamesFromDocument(Document doc) {
@SuppressLint("InlinedApi")
String[] correctActions = {MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE, MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE_SECURE, MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE};
ArrayList<ComponentName> componentNames = new ArrayList<ComponentName>();
Element manifestElement = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("manifest").item(0);
String packageName = manifestElement.getAttribute("package");
Element applicationElement = (Element) manifestElement.getElementsByTagName("application").item(0);
NodeList activities = applicationElement.getElementsByTagName("activity");
for (int i = 0; i < activities.getLength(); i++) {
Element activityElement = (Element) activities.item(i);
String activityName = activityElement.getAttribute("android:name");
NodeList intentFiltersList = activityElement.getElementsByTagName("intent-filter");
for (int j = 0; j < intentFiltersList.getLength(); j++) {
Element intentFilterElement = (Element) intentFiltersList.item(j);
NodeList actionsList = intentFilterElement.getElementsByTagName("action");
for (int k = 0; k < actionsList.getLength(); k++) {
Element actionElement = (Element) actionsList.item(k);
String actionName = actionElement.getAttribute("android:name");
for (String correctAction : correctActions) {
if (actionName.equals(correctAction)) {
//this activity has an intent filter with a correct action, add this to the list.
componentNames.add(new ComponentName(packageName, activityName));
}
}
}
}
}
return componentNames;
}

步骤4：创建所有相机应用程序的列表

List<> cameraApps = new ArrayList<>();
for (PackageInfo somePackage : cameraPermissionPackages) {
Document doc = readAndroidManifestFromPackageInfo(somePackage);
List<ComponentName> componentNames = getCameraComponentNamesFromDocument(doc);
if (componentNames.size() == 0) {
continue; //This is not a Camera app
}
cameraApps.add(cameraApp);
}

步骤5：向用户展示相机应用程序列表
只需创建一个对话框或其他内容。

我把它整理成了一个图书馆：https://github.com/frankkienl/Camera11