使用apache服务器(WAMP)在windows 10上部署django web应用程序，不显示管理站点的CSS

Question

在Windows 10 django应用程序上，当使用python manage.py命令使用开发服务器运行时，runserver会正确显示管理员登录页面和管理员站点。但若使用apache时，同一路径的django应用程序无法正确显示管理员登录和其他管理站点页面的css。

我试着按照https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/modwsgi/但是一些配置/设置丢失/不正确，导致css未应用于管理员登录页面和管理员站点。我的开发和部署是在与WAMP服务器3.2.3.3相同的windows10计算机上进行的。我已经安装了mod_wsgi，下面是settings.py的相关部分导入操作系统从pathlib导入Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'secrete key is listed here'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), ]
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATICFILES_FINDERS = [
"django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder",
"django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder",
]

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.wsgi.application'

# Database

DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}

# Password validation

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
SITE_ID = 1
# Internationalization

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# Default primary key field type
enter code here
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

我的项目urls.py如下

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
from . import views
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', views.home, name='home'),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

wsgi.py如下

import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'hellodjangodeployapache_project.settings')
application = get_wsgi_application()

django项目目录结构如下面的图片所示

项目目录结构

以下几行被添加到apache服务器的httpd.conf中

# LoadFile "d:/pythoninstallation/python39.dll"
LoadModule wsgi_module "c:/users/admin/envs/hellodjangodeployapacheenv/lib/site-packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi.cp39-win_amd64.pyd"
WSGIPythonHome "c:/users/admin/envs/hellodjangodeployapacheenv"

WSGIPythonPath "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project"
<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project">
<Files wsgi.py>
Require all granted
</Files>
</Directory>
Alias /media/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/media/"
Alias /static/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/static/"
<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/static/">
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/media/">
Require all granted
</Directory>
WSGIScriptAlias / "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/hellodjangodeployapache_project/wsgi.py"
<Directory "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/hellodjangodeployapache_project">
<Files wsgi.py>
Require all granted
</Files>
</Directory>

以下是httpd-vhosts.conf文件内容

# Virtual Hosts
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias localhost
DocumentRoot "${INSTALL_DIR}/www"
#  <Directory "${INSTALL_DIR}/www/">
#    Options +Indexes +Includes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
#    AllowOverride All
#    Require local
#  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

wamp服务器安装在C:\wamp64，C:\wamp64\www的内容为空。虚拟环境是使用virtualenvwrapper win创建的，其名称为hellodjangdeployapacheEnv。

当django-webpapp使用python manage.py runserver运行并使用打开时http://127.0.0.1:8000它正确地显示了管理员登录页面/管理站点，但它由具有上述配置设置的apache提供服务http://localhost/admin显示不带css的管理员登录页面和管理站点。在上面提到的设置/配置文件中需要做什么更改，以便管理员登录/管理站点在使用windows10上的apache服务器时显示正常的CSS。？

Answer 1

在Apache配置中，静态别名必须指向static_root文件夹因此它看起来像

Alias /static/ "D:/djangoprojects/hellodjangodeployapache/hellodjangodeployapache_project/staticfiles/"