Django-将表单的创建者传递给表单

Question

我正在做一个拍卖网站。我需要知道每个列表的创建者是谁(这样创建者就有可能删除列表(。我可以在Django Admin中手动更改用户，但我希望在有人创建新列表时自动保存。

如何将表单的创建者传递给表单？

以下是相关模型：

class User(AbstractUser):
pass
class AuctionListing(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=64)
description = models.CharField(max_length=512, default="")
starting_bid = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, default=0.01, validators=[MinValueValidator(Decimal('0.01'))])
url = models.URLField(max_length=200, blank=True)
category = models.CharField(max_length = 20)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, related_name="items")
def __str__(self):
return self.title

这是我的表格.py:

class CreateListing(forms.ModelForm):
category = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Category.objects.all(), empty_label="No category")
class Meta:
model = AuctionListing
fields = ('title', 'description', 'starting_bid', 'url', 'category', 'user')
widgets = {
'title': forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder':'Write your listing title here...'}),
'description': forms.Textarea(attrs={'placeholder':'Write your comment here...', 'rows':3}),
'user': forms.HiddenInput(),
}
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
user = kwargs.pop('user')
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

self.fields['user'].initial = user.id

这是我的观点尝试：

def create_listing(request):
form = CreateListing(request.POST, user=request.user)
if request.method == "POST":
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))
else:
print("RIP")
return render(request, "auctions/create_listing.html", {"form": form})
return render(request, "auctions/create_listing.html", {
"form" : CreateListing(user=request.user)
})

拍卖/create_listing.html看起来像这样：

<h1> Create new listing </h1>
<form action="" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
<label>Name*</label>
<br>
{{ form.title }}
<br>
<label >Description*</label>
<br>
{{ form.description }}
<br>   
<label >Starting bid*</label>
<br>
{{ form.starting_bid }}
<br>  
<label > Image url (optional) </label>
<br>
{{ form.url }}
<br>  
<label > Category (optional) </label>
<br>
{{ form.category }}
<br> 
{{ form.user }}
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary save">Create your listing</button>

</form>

我得到的错误是：；BaseModelForminit((得到了一个意外的关键字参数"user">

如何修复此问题，以便每次创建列表时都会自动保存用户？

Answer 1

在表单的__init__方法中添加user参数。您可以在那里设置用户，甚至不需要显示用户字段。你可以完全隐藏它。

class CreateListing(forms.ModelForm):
category = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Category.objects.all(), empty_label="No category")
class Meta:
model = AuctionListing
fields = ('title', 'description', 'starting_bid', 'url', 'category', 'user')
widgets = {
'title': forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder':'Write your listing title here...'}),
'description': forms.Textarea(attrs={'placeholder':'Write your comment here...', 'rows':3}),
'user': forms.HiddenInput(),
}
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
user = kwargs.pop('user')
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

self.fields['user'].initial = user.id

记住在视图中使用用户kwarg:

def create_listing(request):
form = CreateListing(request.POST, user=request.user)
if request.method == "POST":
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))
else:
print("RIP")
# If form is invalid you should render the same template again
# with the errors
return render(request, "auctions/create_listing.html", {"form": form})
return render(request, "auctions/create_listing.html", {
# For the empty form, this needs to be an instance of the form,
# and not a class
"form" : CreateListing(user=request.user)
})

此外，您可以将HTML替换为：

{{ form.user }}

Answer 2

用<input type="hidden" name="user" value="{{request.user}}">替换{{ form.user }}

用户必须自动来，这样你就不需要在前端中显示用户字段

通过上面的方法，你会得到登录用户，但仍然很难保存，因为它是外键，无论你从前端得到什么，它都是字符串类型。

所以最好的建议是下面的代码。

if form.is_valid():
form_data = form.save()
form_data.user = request.user
form_data.save()