在c#中解析json数据时的类属性操作

Question

我正在使用web api进行练习。我的目标是创建一个Get端点，它从外部api接收数据，然后返回不同的结果。外部api链接：https://www.themealdb.com/api/json/v1/1/search.php?f=a，外部api数据看起来像：

{
"meals": [
{
"idMeal": "52768",
"strMeal": "Apple Frangipan Tart",
"strDrinkAlternate": null,
"strCategory": "Dessert",
.....
},
{
"idMeal": "52893",
"strMeal": "Apple & Blackberry Crumble",
....
}
]
}

我希望我的端点提供不同的结果，如下所示：

[
{
"idMeal": "52768",
"strMeal": "Apple Frangipan Tart",
"ingredients": ["Apple", "sugar"...]
},
{
"idMeal": "52893",
"strMeal": "Apple & Blackberry Crumble",
"ingredients": ["Apple", "sugar"...]
}
] 

到目前为止，以下代码是我尝试的，它正在工作，但当我将属性ingredient1从public更改为private时，列表中的成分将变为null，而且，成分太多，其中一些默认为null，如果它们为null，我不想添加它们，我该如何解决这两个问题？非常感谢

using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using RestSharp;
namespace testAPI.Controllers;
public class Content
{
[JsonPropertyName("meals")]
public List<Meal> Meals { get; set; }
}
public class Meal
{
[JsonPropertyName("idMeal")]
public string MealId { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("strMeal")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("strIngredient1")]
public string Ingredient1 { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("strIngredient2")]
public string Ingredient2 { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("strIngredient20")]
public string Ingredient20 { get; set; }
public List<string> Ingredients
{
get { return new List<string>(){Ingredient1, Ingredient2, Ingredient20};} 
}
}
[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class DishesController : ControllerBase
{

[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetAllRecipes()
{
var client = new RestClient($"https://www.themealdb.com/api/json/v1/1/search.php?s=");
var request = new RestRequest();
var response = await client.ExecuteAsync(request);
var mealList = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Content>(response.Content);

return Ok(mealList.Meals);
}

}

Answer 1

要一次解决一个问题。。。

当我将属性ingredient1从公共更改为私有时，列表中的该成分将变为空

更改访问修饰符会影响反序列化和序列化，因此不能仅用于阻止其序列化属性。您应该将数据模型划分为您想要接收的内容和您想要公开/返回的内容。

有这么多成分，其中一些默认为空，如果它们为空，我不想添加它们

除了拆分数据模型之外，您还可以在从一个模型映射到另一个模型时处理此问题。

以下代码应该可以解决这两个问题：

namespace TheMealDb.Models
{
// These are the models you receive from TheMealDb
// JSON converted to classes with https://json2csharp.com/
public class Root
{
public List<Meal> meals { get; set; }
}

public class Meal
{
public string idMeal { get; set; }
public string strMeal { get; set; }
public string strIngredient1 { get; set; }
public string strIngredient2 { get; set; }
public string strIngredient3 { get; set; }
// Other properties removed for brevity...
}
}
namespace Internal.Models
{
// This is the model you want to return from your controller action
public class Meal
{
[JsonPropertyName("id")] // No need to use the same name as from themealdb
public string Id { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyName("ingredients")]
public List<string> Ingredients { get; set; }
}
}

现在，要获取、映射并返回控制器操作中的数据：

[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetAllRecipes()
{
var client = new RestClient($"https://www.themealdb.com/api/json/v1/1/search.php?s=");
var request = new RestRequest();
var response = await client.ExecuteAsync(request);
// Deserialize to the "TheMealDb" models
var mealList = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<TheMealDb.Models.Root>(response.Content);
// Map to your own models
var myMealList = mealDbList.meals?.Select(MapToInternal);

return Ok(myMealList);
}
// Map "TheMealDb" model to your own model
private Internal.Models.Meal MapToInternal(TheMealDb.Models.Meal externalMeal)
{
return new Internal.Models.Meal
{
Id = externalMeal.idMeal,
Name = externalMeal.strMeal,
Ingredients = new []
{
externalMeal.strIngredient1,
externalMeal.strIngredient2,
externalMeal.strIngredient3,
// ...
}
// Remove empty/null ingredients
.Where(ingr => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ingr))
.ToList()
};
}

请参阅操作中的代码。