Elasticsearch Match查询被分析文本字段中的所有单词

Question

所以我有一个ES文档，我无法控制其结构，因此我不能更改映射。我有一个location字段(映射类型text)，它是"分析"的。ES。我的文档是这样的:

[
{
title: "Something that happened in the UK",
location: "United States, London"
},
{
title: "Something that happened in the US",
location: "United Kingdom, London"
}
]

我正试图编写一个查询，只过滤location字段，并返回united states或united kingdom的结果，但不是两者。

{
"query":
{
"match": {
"location": {  "query": "united statess" }
}
}

这不起作用，因为单词united出现在两个位置名称中。不幸的是，该字段被分析，它将返回两个结果。我试过将"operator" : "and"添加到"匹配"中。查询，但不返回任何结果。我错过了什么?有没有办法通过"匹配"来实现这一点?查询?

Answer 1

我知道您正在尝试在位置字段上创建xor过滤器。在Elasticsearch的布尔查询中没有xor快捷键，但是xor可以用OR、AND和NOT操作符构造。

必须→
must_not ->不是

所以有两种方法可以用这些操作符(伪代码)构造异或过滤器:

must( (should(uk, us), must_not( must(uk, us))  
should( must( uk, must_not(us)), must(must_not(uk), us))

还有更可读的Query_String查询，它支持布尔语法。

下面是一个bool和match查询组合的例子，以及一个字符串查询的例子，它们都充当排他或，你可以在Kibana开发工具中测试这些查询:

PUT /test_xor
PUT /test_xor/_doc/1
{
"type": "neither uk nor us",
"location": [
{
"title": "Something that happened in germany",
"location": "Germany, Berlin"
},
{
"title": "Something that happened in the France",
"location": "France, Paris"
}
]
}
PUT /test_xor/_doc/2
{
"type": "only us",
"location": [
{
"title": "Something that happened in germany",
"location": "Germany, Berlin"
},
{
"title": "Something that happened in the US",
"location": "United States, London"
}
]
}
PUT /test_xor/_doc/3
{
"type": "only uk",
"location": [
{
"title": "Something that happened in germany",
"location": "Germany, Berlin"
},
{
"title": "Something that happened in the US",
"location": "United States, London"
}
]
}

PUT /test_xor/_doc/4
{
"type": "uk and us",
"location": [
{
"title": "Something that happened in the US",
"location": "United States, London"
},
{
"title": "Something that happened in the UK",
"location": "United Kingdom, London"
}
]
}
GET /test_xor/_search
{
"query": {
"query_string" : {
"query": "("United States, London" OR "United Kingdom, London") AND NOT ("United States, London" AND "United Kingdom, London")",
"fields": ["location.location"]
}
}
}
GET /test_xor/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"bool": {
"should": [
{
"match": {
"location.location": {
"query": "United States, London",
"operator": "and"
}
}
},
{
"match": {
"location.location": {
"query": " OR "United Kingdom, London"",
"operator": "and"
}
}
}
]
}
},
{
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"location.location": {
"query": "United States, London",
"operator": "and"
}
}
},
{
"match": {
"location.location": {
"query": "United Kingdom, London",
"operator": "and"
}
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
]
}
}
}

Answer 2

在尝试了各种事情之后，我想出了这个解决方案，似乎是有效的。尽管出于某种原因，我觉得有更好的方法来实现这一点:

回答我自己的问题，这有意义吗?🤔

{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"location": "united"
}
},
{
"match": {
"location": "states"
}
}
]
}
}
}

[EDIT]:我实际上已经找到了一个更好的解决方案，看起来像这样:

{
"query": {
{
"match_phrase": {
"location": "united states"
}
}
}