假设我有一个这样的类:
data class URLAndPath(
val baseUrl: URL,
val path: String?
) {
val url get(): URL? =
try { path?.let { URL(baseUrl, it) } }
catch(_: Exception) { null }
init { require(path == null || url != null) { "Invalid URL $baseUrl$path" } }
}
此类确保如果path != null
当且仅当url != null
Kotlin合同似乎是告诉编译器这类关系的方式。上面的不变量可以用Kotlin契约建模吗?
我的最终结果是让如下代码编译:
val x = URLAndPath(URL("http://example.org/"), "index.html")
if(x.path != null) {
// currently: Error: Only safe (?.) or non-null asserted (!!.) calls are allowed on a nullable receiver of type URL?
println(x.url.toURI())
}
这在Kotlin 1.3中似乎是不可能的,因为契约只能在顶级函数上,所以不能在方法上。
例如
@ExperimentalContracts
data class NullableString(val s: String?) {
fun isNotNull(): Boolean {
contract {
returns(true) implies (this@path != null)
}
return path != null
}
}
不编译:
Error:(16, 8) Contracts are allowed only for top-level functions
Error:(17, 39) Unresolved reference: @path
Error:(19, 15) Unresolved reference: path