Echo服务器聊天应用程序连接出现问题

Question

在网络方面，我是一个新手，但对于我的分布式系统项目，我正试图创建一个简单的应用程序，允许同一网络上使用python的任何计算机向服务器发送消息。我无法使我的计算机和笔记本电脑成功连接，并且在客户端出现超时错误：

这是我的服务器代码：

import socket
import select
HEADER_LENGTH = 10
IP = "127.0.0.1"
PORT = 1234
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
server_socket.bind((IP, PORT))
server_socket.listen()
sockets_list = [server_socket]
clients = {}
def receive_message(client_socket):
try:
message_header = client_socket.recv(HEADER_LENGTH)
if not len(message_header):
return False
message_length = int(message_header.decode("utf-8").strip())
return {"header": message_header, "data" : client_socket.recv(message_length)}
except:
return False

while True:
read_sockets,  _, exception_sockets = select.select(sockets_list, [], sockets_list)
for notified_socket in read_sockets:
if notified_socket == server_socket:
client_socket, client_address = server_socket.accept()
user = receive_message(client_socket)
if user is False:
continue
sockets_list.append(client_socket)
clients[client_socket] = user
print(f"Accepted new connection from {client_address[0]}:{client_address[1]} username:{user['data'].decode('utf-8')}")
else:
message = receive_message(notified_socket)
if message is False:
print(f"Closed connection from {clients[notified_socket]['data'].decode('utf-8')}")
sockets_list.remove(notified_socket)
del clients[notified_socket]
continue
user = clients[notified_socket]
print(f"Received message from {user['data'].decode('utf-8')}: {message['data'].decode('utf-8')}")
for client_socket in clients:
if client_socket != notified_socket:
client_socket.send(user['header'] + user['data'] + message['header'] + message['data'])
for notified_socket in exception_sockets:
sockets_list.remove(notified_socket)
del clients[notified_socket]

这是我的客户代码

import socket
import select
import errno
import sys
HEADER_LENGTH = 10
IP = "127.0.0.1"
PORT = 1234
my_username = input("Username: ")
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client_socket.connect((IP, PORT))
client_socket.setblocking(False)
username = my_username.encode("utf-8")
username_header = f"{len(username):<{HEADER_LENGTH}}".encode("utf-8")
client_socket.send(username_header + username)
while True:
message = input(f"{my_username} > ")
if message:
message = message.encode("utf-8")
message_header = f"{len(message):<{HEADER_LENGTH}}".encode("utf-8")
client_socket.send(message_header + message)
try:
while True:
#receive things
username_header = client_socket.recv(HEADER_LENGTH)
if not len(username_header):
print("connection closed by the server")
sys.exit()
username_length = int(username_header.decode("utf-8").strip())
username = client_socket.recv(username_length).decode("utf-8")
message_header = client_socket.recv(HEADER_LENGTH)
message_length = int(message_header.decode("utf-8").strip())
message = client_socket.recv(message_length).decode("utf-8")
print(f"{username} > {message}")
except IOError as e:
if e.errno != errno.EAGAIN and e.errno != errno.EWOULDBLOCK:
print('Reading error', str(e))
sys.exit()
continue
except Exception as e:
print('General error', str(e))
sys.exit()

在同一台机器上，它可以正常工作，因为我同时使用服务器和客户端的主机名，但很明显，它不能在单独的设备上工作。

我如何更改此代码，使我的笔记本电脑可以充当客户端，而我的计算机可以充当服务器？我只需要连接到同一网络上的设备。谢谢你的回答。

Answer 1

我自己找到了解决方案，我只需要将客户端中的"IP"设置为服务器本地IP的IP，最后在IDLE中运行两者，这样我就会得到绕过防火墙的提示，因为我以前运行cmd，没有绕过的选项。