在PageFactory中获取NPE NullPointerException(Selenium+Java)

Question

我正试图为我的测试框架实现页面工厂模式，但在尝试访问元素或与元素交互时，我得到了NPE。顺便说一句，我使用Spring依赖注入在测试之间共享WebDriver实例(而不是构造函数(，所以我在非静态块中实现了PageFactoryinitElements()，以便能够访问它。顺便说一句，没有PageFactory(没有@FindBy和CommentBy项目(，它运行得很完美。这是我的PO.class:代码

@Component
public class HomePage extends BasePage {
@Autowired
private DatabasesPage databasesPage;
@Autowired
private UserAccountsPage userAccountsPage;
public static Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(HomePage.class.getName());
private String themeLabelColorHex = "#235a81";
private Select themeList;
/* private By databasesHeaderButton = By.cssSelector("#topmenu > li:nth-child(1)"),
userAccountsHeaderButton = By.cssSelector("#topmenu > li:nth-child(4)"),
languagesDropdown = By.id("sel-lang"),
themeDropdown = By.name("set_theme"),
themeLabel = By.xpath("//*[@id='li_select_theme']//a");*/
@FindBy(how = How.CSS, css = "#topmenu > li:nth-child(1)")  private WebElement databasesHeaderButton;
@FindBy(how = How.CSS, css = "#topmenu > li:nth-child(4)")  private WebElement userAccountsHeaderButton;
@FindBy(how = How.ID, id = "sel-lang") private WebElement languagesDropdown;
@FindBy(how = How.NAME, name = "set_theme") private WebElement themeDropdown;
@FindBy(how = How.XPATH, xpath = "//*[@id='li_select_theme']//a") private WebElement themeLabel;
{
PageFactory.initElements(driver,this);
System.out.println("**************** THIS IS A NON-STATIC FIELD REACHED BY DEP INJ ****************");
}
public HomePage openUp() {
String propertiesPath = get(System.getProperty("user.dir"),
"src", "main", "java", "base", "configuration", "config.properties").normalize().toString();
try {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(new FileInputStream(propertiesPath));
String url = properties.getProperty("url");
driver.get(url);
}
catch ( IOException e) {
log.error("Properties file is not found");
log.error("n " + ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
}
return this;
}
public DatabasesPage goToDatabasesPage() {
databasesHeaderButton.click();
return databasesPage;
}
public UserAccountsPage goToUserAccountsPage() {
userAccountsHeaderButton.click();
return userAccountsPage;
}
public HomePage changeLanguage(String langValue) {
try {
Select langList = new Select(languagesDropdown);
String currentLang = langList.getFirstSelectedOption().getAttribute("value");
if (langValue.equalsIgnoreCase(currentLang)) log.warn("Desired language is already selected!");
else langList.selectByValue(langValue);
}
catch (Exception e) {
log.error("n" + ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
}
return this;
}
public HomePage changeTheme(String themeValue) {
try {
themeList = new Select(themeDropdown);
String currentTheme = themeList.getFirstSelectedOption().getAttribute("value");
if (themeValue.equalsIgnoreCase(currentTheme))
log.warn("Desired theme is already selected!");
else {
themeList.selectByValue(themeValue);
driver.navigate().refresh();
themeLabelColorHex = "#0000ff";
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
log.error("n" + ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
}
return this;
}
public HomePage setDefaultTheme() {
themeList = new Select(themeDropdown);
themeList.selectByValue("pmahomme");
themeLabelColorHex = "#235a81";
return this;
}
public boolean isLanguageChanged() {
return true; // TO DO
}
public boolean isThemeChanged() {
String RGBColor = themeLabel.getCssValue("color"); // I'm getting NPE here somehow
String HexColor = Color.fromString(RGBColor).asHex();
return HexColor.equalsIgnoreCase(themeLabelColorHex);
}
}

这是我的测试方法：

@Test
@Description("Change website theme")
public void changeWebsiteTheme() {
homePage.openUp().changeTheme("original");
assertThat(true).isEqualTo(homePage.isThemeChanged()); // and it fails here but it didn't perform previous step - changeTheme();
homePage.setDefaultTheme();
assertThat(true).isEqualTo(homePage.isThemeChanged());
}
enter code here

Answer 1

要启动在构造函数中编写的PageFactory，必须通过创建类的对象来启动。这帮助我实现了这一点。