我正在尝试将XML格式的exiftool输出读取到PowerShell变量中。
我正在使用此处的exiftool-https://exiftool.org/
在命令窗口中查看XML的命令是：
C:Tempexiftool.exe -a -g -struct -X "C:Temp 120190813 0100.mp4"
这将生成以下XML:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#'>
<rdf:Description rdf:about='C:/Temp 1/20190813 0100.mp4'
xmlns:et='http://ns.exiftool.ca/1.0/' et:toolkit='Image::ExifTool 11.93'
xmlns:ExifTool='http://ns.exiftool.ca/ExifTool/1.0/'
xmlns:System='http://ns.exiftool.ca/File/System/1.0/'
xmlns:File='http://ns.exiftool.ca/File/1.0/'
xmlns:QuickTime='http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/QuickTime/1.0/'
xmlns:Track1='http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/Track1/1.0/'
xmlns:Track2='http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/Track2/1.0/'
xmlns:ItemList='http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/ItemList/1.0/'
xmlns:XMP-x='http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-x/1.0/'
xmlns:XMP-iptcExt='http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-iptcExt/1.0/'
xmlns:XMP-dc='http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-dc/1.0/'
xmlns:XMP-photoshop='http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-photoshop/1.0/'
xmlns:XMP-xmp='http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-xmp/1.0/'
xmlns:Composite='http://ns.exiftool.ca/Composite/1.0/'>
<ExifTool:ExifToolVersion>11.93</ExifTool:ExifToolVersion>
<System:FileName>20190813 0100.mp4</System:FileName>
<System:Directory>C:/Temp 1</System:Directory>
<System:FileSize>45 MB</System:FileSize>
<System:FileModifyDate>2020:04:13 22:38:44+01:00</System:FileModifyDate>
<System:FileAccessDate>2020:04:26 16:24:41+01:00</System:FileAccessDate>
<System:FileCreateDate>2019:08:13 01:00:09+01:00</System:FileCreateDate>
<System:FilePermissions>rw-rw-rw-</System:FilePermissions>
<File:FileType>MP4</File:FileType>
<File:FileTypeExtension>mp4</File:FileTypeExtension>
<File:MIMEType>video/mp4</File:MIMEType>
<QuickTime:MajorBrand>MP4 Base Media v1 [IS0 14496-12:2003]</QuickTime:MajorBrand>
<QuickTime:MinorVersion>0.2.0</QuickTime:MinorVersion>
<QuickTime:CompatibleBrands>
<rdf:Bag>
<rdf:li>isom</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>iso2</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>avc1</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>mp41</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
</QuickTime:CompatibleBrands>
<QuickTime:MovieHeaderVersion>0</QuickTime:MovieHeaderVersion>
<QuickTime:CreateDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</QuickTime:CreateDate>
<QuickTime:ModifyDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</QuickTime:ModifyDate>
<QuickTime:TimeScale>1000</QuickTime:TimeScale>
<QuickTime:Duration>22.35 s</QuickTime:Duration>
<QuickTime:PreferredRate>1</QuickTime:PreferredRate>
<QuickTime:PreferredVolume>100.00%</QuickTime:PreferredVolume>
<QuickTime:MatrixStructure>1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1</QuickTime:MatrixStructure>
<QuickTime:PreviewTime>0 s</QuickTime:PreviewTime>
<QuickTime:PreviewDuration>0 s</QuickTime:PreviewDuration>
<QuickTime:PosterTime>0 s</QuickTime:PosterTime>
<QuickTime:SelectionTime>0 s</QuickTime:SelectionTime>
<QuickTime:SelectionDuration>0 s</QuickTime:SelectionDuration>
<QuickTime:CurrentTime>0 s</QuickTime:CurrentTime>
<QuickTime:NextTrackID>3</QuickTime:NextTrackID>
<QuickTime:HandlerType>Metadata</QuickTime:HandlerType>
<QuickTime:HandlerVendorID>Apple</QuickTime:HandlerVendorID>
<QuickTime:MediaDataSize>47401322</QuickTime:MediaDataSize>
<QuickTime:MediaDataOffset>30971</QuickTime:MediaDataOffset>
<Track1:TrackHeaderVersion>0</Track1:TrackHeaderVersion>
<Track1:TrackCreateDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track1:TrackCreateDate>
<Track1:TrackModifyDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track1:TrackModifyDate>
<Track1:TrackID>1</Track1:TrackID>
<Track1:TrackDuration>21.55 s</Track1:TrackDuration>
<Track1:TrackLayer>0</Track1:TrackLayer>
<Track1:TrackVolume>0.00%</Track1:TrackVolume>
<Track1:MatrixStructure>1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1</Track1:MatrixStructure>
<Track1:ImageWidth>2688</Track1:ImageWidth>
<Track1:ImageHeight>2688</Track1:ImageHeight>
<Track1:MediaHeaderVersion>0</Track1:MediaHeaderVersion>
<Track1:MediaCreateDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track1:MediaCreateDate>
<Track1:MediaModifyDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track1:MediaModifyDate>
<Track1:MediaTimeScale>1000000</Track1:MediaTimeScale>
<Track1:MediaDuration>21.55 s</Track1:MediaDuration>
<Track1:MediaLanguageCode>und</Track1:MediaLanguageCode>
<Track1:HandlerType>Video Track</Track1:HandlerType>
<Track1:HandlerDescription>VideoHandler</Track1:HandlerDescription>
<Track1:GraphicsMode>srcCopy</Track1:GraphicsMode>
<Track1:OpColor>0 0 0</Track1:OpColor>
<Track1:CompressorID>avc1</Track1:CompressorID>
<Track1:SourceImageWidth>2688</Track1:SourceImageWidth>
<Track1:SourceImageHeight>2688</Track1:SourceImageHeight>
<Track1:XResolution>72</Track1:XResolution>
<Track1:YResolution>72</Track1:YResolution>
<Track1:BitDepth>24</Track1:BitDepth>
<Track1:VideoFrameRate>60.049</Track1:VideoFrameRate>
<Track2:TrackHeaderVersion>0</Track2:TrackHeaderVersion>
<Track2:TrackCreateDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track2:TrackCreateDate>
<Track2:TrackModifyDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track2:TrackModifyDate>
<Track2:TrackID>2</Track2:TrackID>
<Track2:TrackDuration>22.35 s</Track2:TrackDuration>
<Track2:TrackLayer>0</Track2:TrackLayer>
<Track2:TrackVolume>100.00%</Track2:TrackVolume>
<Track2:MatrixStructure>1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1</Track2:MatrixStructure>
<Track2:MediaHeaderVersion>0</Track2:MediaHeaderVersion>
<Track2:MediaCreateDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track2:MediaCreateDate>
<Track2:MediaModifyDate>0000:00:00 00:00:00</Track2:MediaModifyDate>
<Track2:MediaTimeScale>44100</Track2:MediaTimeScale>
<Track2:MediaDuration>22.35 s</Track2:MediaDuration>
<Track2:MediaLanguageCode>und</Track2:MediaLanguageCode>
<Track2:HandlerType>Audio Track</Track2:HandlerType>
<Track2:HandlerDescription>SoundHandler</Track2:HandlerDescription>
<Track2:Balance>0</Track2:Balance>
<Track2:AudioFormat>mp4a</Track2:AudioFormat>
<Track2:AudioChannels>2</Track2:AudioChannels>
<Track2:AudioBitsPerSample>16</Track2:AudioBitsPerSample>
<Track2:AudioSampleRate>44100</Track2:AudioSampleRate>
<ItemList:Encoder>Lavf57.83.100</ItemList:Encoder>
<XMP-x:XMPToolkit>Image::ExifTool 11.93</XMP-x:XMPToolkit>
<XMP-iptcExt:PersonInImage>
<rdf:Bag>
<rdf:li>Jessica Collinge</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
</XMP-iptcExt:PersonInImage>
<XMP-dc:Rights>Me</XMP-dc:Rights>
<XMP-dc:Subject>
<rdf:Bag>
<rdf:li>C:</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
</XMP-dc:Subject>
<XMP-photoshop:DateCreated>2019:08:13 01:00</XMP-photoshop:DateCreated>
<XMP-xmp:CreateDate>2019:08:13 01:00</XMP-xmp:CreateDate>
<XMP-xmp:MetadataDate>2019:08:13 01:00:00+00:00</XMP-xmp:MetadataDate>
<XMP-xmp:ModifyDate>2019:08:13 01:00:00+00:00</XMP-xmp:ModifyDate>
<Composite:ImageSize>2688x2688</Composite:ImageSize>
<Composite:Megapixels>7.2</Composite:Megapixels>
<Composite:AvgBitrate>17 Mbps</Composite:AvgBitrate>
<Composite:Rotation>0</Composite:Rotation>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
我正在使用将此信息读取到PowerShell变量中
$meta=([xml](C:Tempexiftool.exe -a -g -struct -X `"C:Temp 120190813 0100.mp4")).rdf.description
当我查看可行数据时：
$meta
我得到：
about : C:/Temp 1/20190813 0100.mp4
et : http://ns.exiftool.ca/1.0/
toolkit : Image::ExifTool 11.93
ExifTool : http://ns.exiftool.ca/ExifTool/1.0/
System : http://ns.exiftool.ca/File/System/1.0/
File : http://ns.exiftool.ca/File/1.0/
QuickTime : http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/QuickTime/1.0/
Track1 : http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/Track1/1.0/
Track2 : http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/Track2/1.0/
ItemList : http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/ItemList/1.0/
XMP-x : http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-x/1.0/
XMP-iptcExt : http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-iptcExt/1.0/
XMP-dc : http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-dc/1.0/
XMP-photoshop : http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-photoshop/1.0/
XMP-xmp : http://ns.exiftool.ca/XMP/XMP-xmp/1.0/
Composite : http://ns.exiftool.ca/Composite/1.0/
ExifToolVersion : 11.93
FileName : 20190813 0100.mp4
Directory : C:/Temp 1
FileSize : 45 MB
FileModifyDate : 2020:04:13 22:38:44+01:00
FileAccessDate : 2020:04:26 16:27:21+01:00
FileCreateDate : 2019:08:13 01:00:09+01:00
FilePermissions : rw-rw-rw-
FileType : MP4
FileTypeExtension : mp4
MIMEType : video/mp4
MajorBrand : MP4 Base Media v1 [IS0 14496-12:2003]
MinorVersion : 0.2.0
CompatibleBrands : CompatibleBrands
MovieHeaderVersion : 0
CreateDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 2019:08:13 01:00}
ModifyDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 2019:08:13 01:00:00+00:00}
TimeScale : 1000
Duration : 22.35 s
PreferredRate : 1
PreferredVolume : 100.00%
MatrixStructure : {1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1, 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1, 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1}
PreviewTime : 0 s
PreviewDuration : 0 s
PosterTime : 0 s
SelectionTime : 0 s
SelectionDuration : 0 s
CurrentTime : 0 s
NextTrackID : 3
HandlerType : {Metadata, Video Track, Audio Track}
HandlerVendorID : Apple
MediaDataSize : 47401322
MediaDataOffset : 30971
TrackHeaderVersion : {0, 0}
TrackCreateDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 0000:00:00 00:00:00}
TrackModifyDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 0000:00:00 00:00:00}
TrackID : {1, 2}
TrackDuration : {21.55 s, 22.35 s}
TrackLayer : {0, 0}
TrackVolume : {0.00%, 100.00%}
ImageWidth : 2688
ImageHeight : 2688
MediaHeaderVersion : {0, 0}
MediaCreateDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 0000:00:00 00:00:00}
MediaModifyDate : {0000:00:00 00:00:00, 0000:00:00 00:00:00}
MediaTimeScale : {1000000, 44100}
MediaDuration : {21.55 s, 22.35 s}
MediaLanguageCode : {und, und}
HandlerDescription : {VideoHandler, SoundHandler}
GraphicsMode : srcCopy
OpColor : 0 0 0
CompressorID : avc1
SourceImageWidth : 2688
SourceImageHeight : 2688
XResolution : 72
YResolution : 72
BitDepth : 24
VideoFrameRate : 60.049
Balance : 0
AudioFormat : mp4a
AudioChannels : 2
AudioBitsPerSample : 16
AudioSampleRate : 44100
Encoder : Lavf57.83.100
XMPToolkit : Image::ExifTool 11.93
PersonInImage : PersonInImage
Rights : Me
Subject : Subject
DateCreated : 2019:08:13 01:00
MetadataDate : 2019:08:13 01:00:00+00:00
ImageSize : 2688x2688
Megapixels : 7.2
AvgBitrate : 17 Mbps
Rotation : 0
我需要能够看到属性的前缀，例如：
Duration : 22.35 s
应为：
QuickTime:Duration : 22.35 s
我怎样才能做到这一点？
PowerShell通过点表示法方便地适配XML DOM忽略了元素名称中的命名空间前缀，如QuickTime:，无论是在元素访问还是在默认的输出格式中。
因此，为了获得命名空间前缀为的元素名称，您需要通过System.Xml.XmlElement.ChildNodes显式访问目标元素的子元素，并提取它们的.Name和.InnerText属性：
PS> $x.rdf.Description.ChildNodes | Select-Object Name, InnerText
Name InnerText
---- ---------
ExifTool:ExifToolVersion 11.93
System:FileName 20190813 0100.mp4
...
QuickTime:Duration 22.35 s
...
注意：由于使用了Select-Object，上面输出了一个[pscustomobject]实例的数组，每个实例都具有.Name和.InnerText属性，您可以看到这些对象的默认输出格式。
如果您只需要上面的表示用于显示，则可以用Format-Table代替Select-Object。
不确定这会有多大帮助。您可以像这样与名称空间交互：
$ns = @{rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#';
QuickTime='http://ns.exiftool.ca/QuickTime/QuickTime/1.0/'}
select-xml /rdf:RDF/rdf:Description/QuickTime:Duration file.xml -na $ns |
% node
#text
-----
22.35 s