如何更改djangos外键对象textchoicefield按钮点击Jquery

Question

我有两个模型ToDoList和Tasks。在任务模型中，我将ForeignKey设置为ToDoList(一个ToDoList可以有多个任务(。

我想做的是：在ToDoDetailView中显示特定ToDoList的所有任务(过滤器状态="已发布"(。我希望每个任务旁边都有一个按钮。当点击该按钮时，我希望单个任务的状态变为"垃圾"。

我想使用ajax并尝试理解它(我是新手(。有人能帮助/指导和支持我吗？

型号.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your models here.
class TimeStamp(models.Model):
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
class Meta:
abstract = True

class ToDoList(TimeStamp):

class STATUS(models.TextChoices): 
PUBLISHED = "published", "Published" 
TRASH = "trash", "Trash"
WORKINGDRAFT = "workingdraft", "Workingdraft" 

headline = models.CharField(max_length=200)
author = models.ForeignKey(get_user_model(), on_delete=models.CASCADE)
status = models.CharField("Status", max_length=20, choices=STATUS.choices, default=STATUS.PUBLISHED)

def __str__(self):
return self.headline
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('notepad:todo_detail', args=[str(self.id)])

class Tasks(TimeStamp):
class STATUS(models.TextChoices): 
PUBLISHED = "published", "Published" 
TRASH = "trash", "Trash"
WORKINGDRAFT = "workingdraft", "Workingdraft" 

todos = models.CharField(max_length=250)
todolist = models.ForeignKey(ToDoList, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='tasks')
status = models.CharField("Status", max_length=20, choices=STATUS.choices, default=STATUS.PUBLISHED)

def __str__(self):
return self.todos

视图.py

from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.forms.models import inlineformset_factory
from django.views import View
from django.views.generic import ListView, DetailView, TemplateView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView, UpdateView, DeleteView
from django.urls import reverse, reverse_lazy
from django.db import transaction
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin

from .models import ToDoList, Tasks
from .forms import  TasksForm, TasksFormSet, ToDoListFirstForm, ToDoListForm
class ChangeTaskStatusView(View):
def get(self, request):
task = request.GET['task']
Tasks.objects.filter(id = task).update(status='trash')
return HttpResponse(task)
class ToDoListView(LoginRequiredMixin, ListView):
model = ToDoList
#queryset = ToDoList.objects.filter(tasks__status="published")
context_object_name = 'todos_list'
template_name = 'notepad/notepad_list.html'
paginate_by = 2
def get_queryset(self):
return ToDoList.objects.filter(author=self.request.user)
class ToDoDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin,DetailView):
model = ToDoList
template_name = 'notepad/notepad_detail.html'
def get_context_data(self,**kwargs):
context = super(ToDoDetailView,self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['tasks_published'] = self.object.tasks.filter(status="published")
#context['tasks_counted'] = self.object.tasks.filter(status="published").count()
return context

urls.py(在记事本应用程序文件夹中(

from django.urls import path
from .views import ChangeTaskStatusView ,ToDoListeDelete,ToDoListUpdate, ToDoTrashDetailView,ToDoListView, ToDoDetailView, ToDoCreate, ToDoListCreate, ToDoListFirstCreate
app_name = "notepad"
urlpatterns = [
path('add_formset/', ToDoListCreate.as_view(), name='add_formset'),
path('add_todos/', ToDoListFirstCreate.as_view(), name='add_formsets'),
path('add/', ToDoCreate.as_view(), name='add'),
path('trash/<int:pk>', ToDoTrashDetailView.as_view(), name='todo_detail_trash'),
path('<int:pk>', ToDoDetailView.as_view(), name='todo_detail'),
path('update/<int:pk>', ToDoListUpdate.as_view(), name='todo_update'),
path('delete/<int:pk>', ToDoListeDelete.as_view(), name='todo_delete'),
path('', ToDoListView.as_view(), name='todo_list'),
path('ajax_change_task_status/', ChangeTaskStatusView.as_view(), name='ajax_change_task_status'),
]

模板(notepad_detail.html(

<!-- templates/books/book_detail.html -->
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}{{ object.headline }}{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
<div>
<h2>{{ object.headline }}</h2> 
<p>created by: {{ object.author }}, at {{ object.created }}</p>
<ul class="nav justify-content-end">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link active" href="{% url 'notepad:todo_list' %}">Back to List</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'notepad:todo_update' pk=object.id %}">Update</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'notepad:todo_detail_trash' todolist.pk %}">View finished tasks</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'notepad:todo_delete' pk=object.id %}" tabindex="-1" aria-disabled="true">Delete</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>

<div>
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Tasks</th>
<th scope="col">Total Tasks:{{ tasks_published.count }}</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for todo in tasks_published %}
<tr id="{{todo.id}}"> <th scope="row">{{ forloop.counter }}</th> <td>{{ todo.todos }}</td> <td><button type="button" value="{{todo.id}}" onclick="changeStatus('{{todo.id}}');" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">Trash</button></td> </tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% endblock content %}

base.html必须在base.html中放入javascript代码或扩展javascript块

{% load static i18n compress %}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>{% block title %}tasks{% endblock title %}</title>
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<!-- HTML5 shim, for IE6-8 support of HTML5 elements -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<link rel="icon" href="{% static 'images/favicons/favicon.ico' %}">
{% block css %}
<!-- Latest compiled and minified Bootstrap CSS -->
<link href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" integrity="sha384-ggOyR0iXCbMQv3Xipma34MD+dH/1fQ784/j6cY/iJTQUOhcWr7x9JvoRxT2MZw1T" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- Your stuff: Third-party CSS libraries go here -->
{% compress css %}
<!-- This file stores project-specific CSS -->
<link href="{% static 'css/project.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
{% endcompress %}
{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
<div class="mb-1">
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-md navbar-light bg-light">
<button class="navbar-toggler navbar-toggler-right" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="{% url 'home' %}">tasks</a>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarSupportedContent">
<ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
<li class="nav-item active">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'home' %}">Home <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'about' %}">About</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'notepad:todo_list' %}">Notepads</a>
</li>
{% if request.user.is_authenticated %}
<li class="nav-item">
{# URL provided by django-allauth/account/urls.py #}
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'users:detail' request.user.username  %}">{% trans "My Profile" %}</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
{# URL provided by django-allauth/account/urls.py #}
<a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'account_logout' %}">{% trans "Sign Out" %}</a>
</li>
{% else %}
<li class="nav-item">
{# URL provided by django-allauth/account/urls.py #}
<a id="sign-up-link" class="nav-link" href="{% url 'account_signup' %}">{% trans "Sign Up" %}</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item">
{# URL provided by django-allauth/account/urls.py #}
<a id="log-in-link" class="nav-link" href="{% url 'account_login' %}">{% trans "Sign In" %}</a>
</li>
{% endif %}
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="container">
{% if messages %}
{% for message in messages %}
<div class="alert {% if message.tags %}alert-{{ message.tags }}{% endif %}">{{ message }}<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button></div>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
{% block content %}
<p>EveryCheese is the Ultimate Cheese Index! This text is inherited on other pages!</p>
{% endblock content %}
</div> <!-- /container -->
{% block modal %}{% endblock modal %}
<!-- Le javascript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
{% block javascript %}
<!-- Bootstrap JS and its dependencies-->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-JjSmVgyd0p3pXB1rRibZUAYoIIy6OrQ6VrjIEaFf/nJGzIxFDsf4x0xIM+B07jRM" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<!-- Your stuff: Third-party javascript libraries go here -->
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function changeStatus(task){
$.get( "{% url 'notepad:ajax_change_task_status' %}", {task} )
.done(function( data ) {
$('tr#'+task).remove();
});
}
</script>
<!-- place project specific Javascript in this file -->
{% compress js %}
<script src="{% static 'js/project.js' %}"></script>
{% endcompress %}
{% endblock javascript %}
</body>
</html>

urls.py全局文件

from django.conf import settings
from django.urls import include, path
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.contrib import admin
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from django.views import defaults as default_views
urlpatterns = [
path("", TemplateView.as_view(template_name="pages/home.html"), name="home"),
path(
"about/", TemplateView.as_view(template_name="pages/about.html"), name="about"
),
# Django Admin, use {% url 'admin:index' %}
path(settings.ADMIN_URL, admin.site.urls),
# User management
path("users/", include("tasks.users.urls", namespace="users")),
path("accounts/", include("allauth.urls")),
# Your stuff: custom urls includes go here
path('todolists/', include('notepad.urls', namespace="notepad")),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
if settings.DEBUG:
# This allows the error pages to be debugged during development, just visit
# these url in browser to see how these error pages look like.
urlpatterns += [
path(
"400/",
default_views.bad_request,
kwargs={"exception": Exception("Bad Request!")},
),
path(
"403/",
default_views.permission_denied,
kwargs={"exception": Exception("Permission Denied")},
),
path(
"404/",
default_views.page_not_found,
kwargs={"exception": Exception("Page not Found")},
),
path("500/", default_views.server_error),
]
if "debug_toolbar" in settings.INSTALLED_APPS:
import debug_toolbar
urlpatterns = [path("__debug__/", include(debug_toolbar.urls))] + urlpatterns

这是我认为最有用的方法。我或多或少地理解这一点，但我不知道谁可以更改代码来从任务外键对象中获取数据。

链接到我如何更改django中的值点击按钮(不包括如何访问外键值/对象(

Answer 1

views.py

在视图中添加ChangeTaskStatusView。py

... other views ...
from .models import Tasks
from django.views import View
from django.http import HttpResponse
class ChangeTaskStatusView(View):
def get(self, request):
task = request.GET['task']
Tasks.objects.filter(id = task).update(status='trash')
return HttpResponse(task)

urls.py

在urls.py中，导入ChangeTaskStatusView视图并添加ajax_change_task_statusurl:

from .views import ChangeTaskStatusView
urlpatterns = [
... other urls ...
path('ajax_change_task_status/', ChangeTaskStatusView.as_view(), name='ajax_change_task_status'),
]

模板

使用更新模板

... other htmls ...
<div>
<table class="table table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">Tasks</th>
<th scope="col">Total Tasks: <span id="task_count">{{ tasks_published.count }}</span></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for todo in tasks_published %}
<tr id="{{todo.id}}"> <th scope="row">{{ forloop.counter }}</th> <td>{{ todo.todos }}</td> <td><button type="button" value="{{todo.id}}" onclick="changeStatus('{{todo.id}}');" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">Trash</button></td> </tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function changeStatus(task){
$.get( "{% url 'ajax_change_task_status' %}", {task} )
.done(function( data ) {
$('tr#'+task).remove();
$('#task_count').html($('#task_count').html()-1);
});
}
</script>