如何阻止GUI自动调整大小

Question

我使用Tkinter编写了一个计算器应用程序。问题是当我点击数字或运算符等时，整个GUI会自动调整大小。事实上，我认为标签的宽度必须以某种方式固定。我试图使用一个框架作为标签的父对象，但没有成功。我应该使用不同的布局管理器吗？

这是我的代码：

from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title('A Simple Calculator')
#root.geometry('500x600')
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)

#Screen of the calculator
isPushed = StringVar()
#print(isPushed.get() == '')
var = StringVar()
#screenFrame = Frame(root)
screenLabel = Label(root, text='', padx=150, pady=13, bg='black',
fg='white', font=('Times', 15), textvariable=var)
#define commands
#numbers
def one():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '1')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('1')
isPushed.set('')
def two():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '2')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('2')
isPushed.set('')
def three():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '3')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('3')
isPushed.set('')
def four():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '4')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('4')
isPushed.set('')
def five():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '5')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('5')
isPushed.set('')
def six():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '6')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('6')
isPushed.set('')
def seven():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '7')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('7')
isPushed.set('')
def eight():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '8')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('8')
isPushed.set('')
def nine():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '9')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('9')
isPushed.set('')
def zero():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '0')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('0')
isPushed.set('')
#operations
def add():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} + '.format(s))
isPushed.set('')
def subtract():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} - '.format(s))
isPushed.set('')
def multiply():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} {} '.format(s, chr(215)))
isPushed.set('')
def divide():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} {} '.format(s, chr(247)))
isPushed.set('')
def calculate():
isPushed.set('y')
s = var.get()
s = s.split()
#exclude operands
if '.' in s[0] or '.' in s[2]:
x = float(s[0])
y = float(s[2])
else:
x = int(s[0])
y = int(s[2])
#make the operation
if s[1] == '+':
var.set(x + y)
elif s[1] == '-':
var.set(x - y)
elif s[1] == chr(215):
var.set(x * y)
else:
var.set(x / y if x % y != 0 else x // y)

#functional Buttons
def clean():
var.set('')
def decimal_point():
s = var.get()
var.set('{}.'.format(s))


#define Buttons
#numbers
num_1 = Button(root, text='1', font=('Times', 20), command=one)
num_2 = Button(root, text='2', font=('Times', 20), command=two)
num_3 = Button(root, text='3', font=('Times', 20), command=three)
num_4 = Button(root, text='4', font=('Times', 20), command=four)
num_5 = Button(root, text='5', font=('Times', 20), command=five)
num_6 = Button(root, text='6', font=('Times', 20), command=six)
num_7 = Button(root, text='7', font=('Times', 20), command=seven)
num_8 = Button(root, text='8', font=('Times', 20), command=eight)
num_9 = Button(root, text='9', font=('Times', 20), command=nine)
num_0 = Button(root, text='0', font=('Times', 20), command=zero)
#operations
addition = Button(root, text='+', font=('Times', 20), command=add)
subtraction = Button(root, text='-', font=('Times', 20), command=subtract)
multiplication = Button(root, text=chr(215), font=('Times', 20), command=multiply)
division = Button(root, text=chr(247), font=('Times', 20), command=divide)
equal = Button(root, text='=', font=('Times', 20), command=calculate)
#functional Buttons
clear = Button(root, text='C', font=('Times', 20), command=clean)
period = Button(root, text='.', font=('Times', 20), command=decimal_point)
#Packing Buttons into the form
#Screen of the calculator
#screenFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=W+E)
#screenLabel.pack()
screenLabel.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=W+E)
#numbers
num_1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_2.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_3.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_4.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_5.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_6.grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_7.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_8.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_9.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_0.grid(row=4, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=W+E)
#operations
addition.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=W+E)
subtraction.grid(row=2, column=3, sticky=W+E)
multiplication.grid(row=3, column=3, sticky=W+E)
division.grid(row=4, column=3, sticky=W+E)
equal.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky=W+E)
#functional Buttons
clear.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=W+E)
period.grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=W+E)


root.mainloop()

Answer 1

小部件正在调整大小，因为您没有给小部件明确的大小，所以它会根据内容进行扩展。这就是它定义的行为。相反，你应该指定你想要的大小。当你这样做时，当你添加的字符超过容纳的数量时，它不会增长。

screenLabel = Label(root, text='', pady=13, bg='black', width=20,
fg='white', font=('Times', 15), textvariable=var)

Answer 2

在IDE 中尝试此操作

from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title('A Simple Calculator')
#root.geometry('500x600')
width=500
height=600
screenwidth = root.winfo_screenwidth()
screenheight = root.winfo_screenheight()
alignstr = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, (screenwidth - width) / 2, (screenheight - height) / 2)
root.geometry(alignstr)
root.resizable(width=False, height=False)
#Screen of the calculator
isPushed = StringVar()
#print(isPushed.get() == '')
var = StringVar()
#screenFrame = Frame(root)
screenLabel = Label(root, text='', width=20, height=3,padx=150, pady=13, bg='black',
fg='white', font=('Times', 15), textvariable=var)
#define commands
#numbers
def one():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '1')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('1')
isPushed.set('')
def two():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '2')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('2')
isPushed.set('')
def three():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '3')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('3')
isPushed.set('')
def four():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '4')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('4')
isPushed.set('')
def five():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '5')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('5')
isPushed.set('')
def six():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '6')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('6')
isPushed.set('')
def seven():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '7')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('7')
isPushed.set('')
def eight():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '8')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('8')
isPushed.set('')
def nine():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '9')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('9')
isPushed.set('')
def zero():
if isPushed.get() == '':
s = var.get()
var.set(s + '0')
else:
var.set('')
var.set('0')
isPushed.set('')
#operations
def add():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} + '.format(s))
isPushed.set('')
def subtract():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} - '.format(s))
isPushed.set('')
def multiply():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} {} '.format(s, chr(215)))
isPushed.set('')
def divide():
s = var.get()
var.set(' {} {} '.format(s, chr(247)))
isPushed.set('')
def calculate():
isPushed.set('y')
s = var.get()
s = s.split()
#exclude operands
if '.' in s[0] or '.' in s[2]:
x = float(s[0])
y = float(s[2])
else:
x = int(s[0])
y = int(s[2])
#make the operation
if s[1] == '+':
var.set(x + y)
elif s[1] == '-':
var.set(x - y)
elif s[1] == chr(215):
var.set(x * y)
else:
var.set(x / y if x % y != 0 else x // y)

#functional Buttons
def clean():
var.set('')
def decimal_point():
s = var.get()
var.set('{}.'.format(s))


#define Buttons
#numbers
num_1 = Button(root, text='1', font=('Times', 20), command=one)
num_2 = Button(root, text='2', font=('Times', 20), command=two)
num_3 = Button(root, text='3', font=('Times', 20), command=three)
num_4 = Button(root, text='4', font=('Times', 20), command=four)
num_5 = Button(root, text='5', font=('Times', 20), command=five)
num_6 = Button(root, text='6', font=('Times', 20), command=six)
num_7 = Button(root, text='7', font=('Times', 20), command=seven)
num_8 = Button(root, text='8', font=('Times', 20), command=eight)
num_9 = Button(root, text='9', font=('Times', 20), command=nine)
num_0 = Button(root, text='0', font=('Times', 20), command=zero)
#operations
addition = Button(root, text='+', font=('Times', 20), command=add)
subtraction = Button(root, text='-', font=('Times', 20), command=subtract)
multiplication = Button(root, text=chr(215), font=('Times', 20), command=multiply)
division = Button(root, text=chr(247), font=('Times', 20), command=divide)
equal = Button(root, text='=', font=('Times', 20), command=calculate)
#functional Buttons
clear = Button(root, text='C', font=('Times', 20), command=clean)
period = Button(root, text='.', font=('Times', 20), command=decimal_point)
#Packing Buttons into the form
#Screen of the calculator
#screenFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=W+E)
#screenLabel.pack()
screenLabel.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, sticky=W+E)
#numbers
num_1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_2.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_3.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_4.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_5.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_6.grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_7.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W+E)
num_8.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=W+E)
num_9.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=W+E)
num_0.grid(row=4, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=W+E)
#operations
addition.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=W+E)
subtraction.grid(row=2, column=3, sticky=W+E)
multiplication.grid(row=3, column=3, sticky=W+E)
division.grid(row=4, column=3, sticky=W+E)
equal.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky=W+E)
#functional Buttons
clear.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=W+E)
period.grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=W+E)


root.mainloop()