gcc-m32无法在Windows托管代理上工作

Question

我已经用vs2017-win2016镜像在托管代理上创建了一个简单的Azure DevOps管道：

1. 准备C文件〔PowerShell任务〕：

   New-Item "test.c" -ItemType File -Value "int Foo() { return 123; }"
   

2. 生成DLL[命令行任务]：

   gcc -v -c test.c -m32
   gcc -v -shared -o test.dll test.o -m32
   

但第二步失败，出现：

_

C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibuser32.a when searching for -luser32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libuser32.a when searching for -luser32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -luser32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libkernel32.a when searching for -lkernel32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibkernel32.a when searching for -lkernel32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libkernel32.a when searching for -lkernel32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lkernel32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libiconv.a when searching for -liconv
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibiconv.a when searching for -liconv
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libiconv.a when searching for -liconv
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -liconv
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmingw32.a when searching for -lmingw32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibmingw32.a when searching for -lmingw32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmingw32.a when searching for -lmingw32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lmingw32
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libgcc_s.a when searching for -lgcc_s
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibgcc_s.a when searching for -lgcc_s
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libgcc_s.a when searching for -lgcc_s
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lgcc_s
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/libgcc.a when searching for -lgcc
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lgcc
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmoldname.a when searching for -lmoldname
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibmoldname.a when searching for -lmoldname
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmoldname.a when searching for -lmoldname
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lmoldname
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmingwex.a when searching for -lmingwex
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibmingwex.a when searching for -lmingwex
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmingwex.a when searching for -lmingwex
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lmingwex
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmsvcrt.a when searching for -lmsvcrt
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/liblibmsvcrt.a when searching for -lmsvcrt
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: skipping incompatible C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/lib/libmsvcrt.a when searching for -lmsvcrt
C:/ProgramData/Chocolatey/lib/mingw/tools/install/mingw64/bin/…/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/…/…/…/…/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe: cannot find -lmsvcrt_
**collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status**

我想托管代理上的MinGW设置不正确，导致-m32选项无法使用，因此无法使用gcc构建32位DLL。

网上有很多关于类似问题的问题，但我无法从中理解我在64位Windows上到底需要做什么才能使gcc与-m32开关一起工作并构建32位DLL。

如果我使用Azure DevOps，那么通过choco或类似的工具安装所需的软件将非常好，即通过自动化工具。

Answer 1

在Microsoft托管的Windows代理中，预安装的MinGW为Mingw-w64 8.1.0，未安装MinGW32。

要在Microsoft托管代理上安装MinGW32，您需要在管道中执行一些相关的命令行。我搜索并尝试过，但没有找到任何可用的命令可以用于在Windows上安装MinGW。

作为一种解决方法，您可以尝试在本地Windows计算机上手动安装MinGW32，然后在本地Windows机器上添加自托管代理以运行管道。

您可以参考以下文章在Windows上安装MinGW：

• 在Windows上安装32位和64位C(gcc(及C++(g++(编译器

Answer 2

AsBright Ran MSFT表示托管代理上没有安装MinGW32。自托管代理不是我的选择。

经过数小时的搜索和尝试不同的解决方案，我终于找到了解决方案。有一个名为winlibs的项目，它包含了包括i686在内的所有编译器，这些编译器可以在64位Windows上构建32位DLL。

所以我最终在我的管道中使用了这个PowerShell脚本：

Write-Host "Downloading winlibs..."
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/brechtsanders/winlibs_mingw/releases/download/11.1.0-12.0.0-9.0.0-r1/winlibs-i686-posix-dwarf-gcc-11.1.0-mingw-w64-9.0.0-r1.zip" -OutFile "winlibs.zip"
Write-Host "Downloaded."
Write-Host "Extracting winlibs..."
Expand-Archive -LiteralPath 'winlibs.zip' -DestinationPath "winlibs"
Write-Host "Extracted."
Write-Host "Building DLL..."
$gccPath = Get-ChildItem -Path "winlibs" -File -Filter "i686-w64-mingw32-gcc.exe" -Recurse
& $gccPath.FullName -c test.c -m32
& $gccPath.FullName -shared -o test.dll test.o -m32
Write-Host "Built."