如何使用BeautifulSoup提取xml标签

Question

我正试图从以下数据中提取标签：

[{"title":"Joshua Cohen","nid":"21706","type":"winner","changed":"1651960857","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"640"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A mordant, linguistically deft historical novel about the ambiguities of the Jewish-American experience, presenting ideas and disputes as volatile as its tightly-wound plot."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Netanyahus: An Account of a Minor and Ultimately Even Negligible Episode in the History of a Very Famous Family"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"New York Review Books"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/joshua-cohen"},{"title":"Louise Erdrich","nid":"21286","type":"winner","changed":"1623362816","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"632"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A majestic, polyphonic novel about a communityu2019s efforts to halt the proposed displacement and elimination of several Native American tribes in the 1950s, rendered with dexterity and imagination."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Night Watchman"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"Harper"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/louise-erdrich"},

但我似乎拿不到标签；我正在尝试：

# Import BeautifulSoup
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
content = []
# Read the XML file
with open("file.xml", "r") as file:
# Read each line in the file
content = file.readlines()
# Combine the lines in the list into a string
content = "".join(content)
bs_content = bs(content, "lxml")
result = bs_content.find_all("title")
print(result)

但我只得到一个空[]感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

它不是XML，而是类似JSON的结构，所以只需迭代dicts:的list

l = [{"title":"Joshua Cohen","nid":"21706","type":"winner","changed":"1651960857","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"640"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A mordant, linguistically deft historical novel about the ambiguities of the Jewish-American experience, presenting ideas and disputes as volatile as its tightly-wound plot."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Netanyahus: An Account of a Minor and Ultimately Even Negligible Episode in the History of a Very Famous Family"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"New York Review Books"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/joshua-cohen"},{"title":"Louise Erdrich","nid":"21286","type":"winner","changed":"1623362816","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"632"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A majestic, polyphonic novel about a communityu2019s efforts to halt the proposed displacement and elimination of several Native American tribes in the 1950s, rendered with dexterity and imagination."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Night Watchman"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"Harper"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/louise-erdrich"},]
for d in l:
print(d['title'])

或者，当你有一个字符串时，只需在之前通过json.loads():进行转换

import json
l = '[{"title":"Joshua Cohen","nid":"21706","type":"winner","changed":"1651960857","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"640"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A mordant, linguistically deft historical novel about the ambiguities of the Jewish-American experience, presenting ideas and disputes as volatile as its tightly-wound plot."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Netanyahus: An Account of a Minor and Ultimately Even Negligible Episode in the History of a Very Famous Family"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"New York Review Books"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/joshua-cohen"},{"title":"Louise Erdrich","nid":"21286","type":"winner","changed":"1623362816","field_category":{"und":[{"tid":"219"}]},"field_year":{"und":[{"tid":"632"}]},"field_abbr_citation":{"und":[{"safe_value":"A majestic, polyphonic novel about a communityu2019s efforts to halt the proposed displacement and elimination of several Native American tribes in the 1950s, rendered with dexterity and imagination."}]},"field_location_text":[],"field_publication":{"und":[{"safe_value":"The Night Watchman"}]},"field_publisher":{"und":[{"safe_value":"Harper"}]},"field_teaser_thumbnail":[],"path_alias":"winners/louise-erdrich"}]'
for d in json.loads(l):
print(d['title'])

输出：

Joshua Cohen
Louise Erdrich