Python-基于input()数据类型执行不同的任务

Question

编辑 ：这篇文章不同于请求用户输入，直到他们给出有效的响应，因为我不会根据响应的数据类型结束循环。字符串和整数都是有效的。只有当这两个条目是不同的数据类型时，循环才应该重新启动。

我试图通过input()收集两个单词或两个整数如果两个值都是整数我想计算answer1**answer2.如果两者都是非整数果数据类型不匹配，我想将用户发送到开头输入两个新值。

这是我的尝试。我为你即将看到的一切提前道歉。

## collect first value
print("Please type a word or an integer:")
answer1 = input()
## check for blanks
if answer1 == "":
print("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
answer1 = input()
## collect second value
print("Please type another word or integer:")
answer2 = input()
## check for blanks
if answer2 == "":
print("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
answer2 = input()
## define test for integer status
def containsInt(intTest):
try: 
int(intTest)
return True
except ValueError:
pass
## check for matching data types and produce final value
if containsInt(answer1) == True:
containsInt(answer2)
if containsInt(answer2) == True:
finalInt = (int(answer1))**(int(answer2))
print("n")
print(finalInt)
else:
print("Sorry, the data types must match - both words or integers.")
continue
else:
containsInt(answer2)
if containsInt(answer2) !=True:
print("n")
print(answer1 + answer2)
else:
print("Sorry, the data types must match - both words or integers.")
continue

我试着用"；继续"；让它回到最初，但它对我很生气。你可能知道我是一个完全的新手，这是我的第一篇帖子。请不要对我太苛刻(

Answer 1

这应该有效：

while True:
answer1 = input("Please type a word or an integer:")
# check for blanks
while answer1 == "":
answer1 = input("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
try:
answer1 = int(answer1)
except ValueError:
pass
answer2 = input("Please type another word or integer:")
# check for blanks
while answer2 == "":
answer2 = input("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
try:
answer2 = int(answer2)
except ValueError:
pass
if type(answer1) == type(answer2):
if type(answer1) == str:
print(answer1 + answer2)
break
elif type(answer1) == int:
print(answer1**answer2)
break
else:
print(f"Sorry, the data types of '{answer1}' and '{answer2}' do not match.")
continue

请注意，如果您输入像1.5这样的数字，它将被视为字符串。因此输入1.5和a将产生1.5a

Answer 2

continue仅适用于循环，即for和while。您正试图在循环之外使用continue，这就是Python不喜欢它的原因

你可以做的一件事是检查数据类型是否匹配，然后基于此进行操作：

if type(answer1) == type(answer2):
if isinstance(answer1, str):
# do string stuff
elif isinstance(answer1, int) or isinstance(answer1, float):
# do calculations
else:
# types match but are not strings or numbers
else:
# types don't match, react accordingly

默认情况下，Python将输入视为strings，因此即使为输入指定一个数字，其类型也将为string。您可以通过多种方式解决此问题，其中之一是，例如尝试将输入转换为数字。在这种情况下，float比int工作得更好，因为否则您就无法很好地处理小数。示例：

answer1 = input()
try:
answer1 = float(answer)
except:
pass

这样做的目的是尝试将默认输入的字符串转换为浮点数，如果不起作用，则它将保留为字符串。