我正在学习Python速成课程的第18章，已经从头开始了两次，全部53步。(一个非常有教育意义的过程)
在我尝试为各个页面添加代码之前，程序一直运行良好。现在，它根本不会运行。
它一直在说views aren't defined。对于类似的问题，我尝试过每一个建议，但都没有成功，并仔细检查了所有元素。
这是我的urls.py和views.py的代码。
如有任何关于如何解决这一问题的信息/建议，我们将不胜感激。
"""Defines URL patterns for learning_logs"""
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'learning_logs'
urlpatterns = [
path('topics/<int:topic_id>>/',views.topic,name = 'topic'),
path('', views.index,name='index'),
path('topics/',views.topics, name='topics'),
]
from .models import Topic
from django.shortcuts import render
def topics(request):
topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')
context = {'topics':topics}
return render(request,'learning_logs/topics.html',context)
def index(request):
return render(request,'learning_logs/index.html')
def topic(request, topic_id):
topic = Topic.objects.get(id= topic_id)
entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')
context = {'topic': topic,'entries':entries}
return render(request, 'learning_logs/topic.html',context)
这是我在终端中收到的长错误消息：
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 954, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 892, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 118, in inner_run
self.check(display_num_errors=True)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 392, in check
all_issues = checks.run_checks(
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 70, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 408, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 589, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 48, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/ll_env/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 582, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 790, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/learning_log/urls.py", line 23, in <module>
path('topics/', views.topics, name='topics'),
NameError: name 'views' is not defined
以下是回溯的最后几行：
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/learning_log/urls.py", line 23, in <module>
path('topics/', views.topics, name='topics'),
NameError: name 'views' is not defined
这是一个非常常见的错误；这通常意味着您忘记了import语句。在这篇文章中，您已经组合了urls.py和models.py文件，但看起来您的urls.pi文件顶部有from . import views。同样奇怪的是，它会抱怨views在topics/路径中未定义，但在之前定义的两个路径中没有。
你说你已经开始这个项目好几次了。我的最佳猜测是，上次尝试的urls.py文件仍在使用中。我可以想出很多可能发生这种情况的方法。以下是正在使用的urls.py文件的路径：
File "/Users/andreawalker/Desktop/learning_log/learning_log/urls.py"
这是您当前尝试的urls.py文件吗？如果没有，请关闭所有打开的终端、编辑器等。然后打开终端并导航到当前尝试所在的文件夹。激活该目录中的虚拟环境，运行您的项目，看看是否出现相同的错误。